創意人才、創意產業與創業關聯之研究

Creative Class, Creative Industries and Entrepreneurship

蘇曉瑞(Hsiao-Jui Su)

《都市與計劃》 48卷4期 (2021/12) Pp. 377-405

https://doi.org/10.6128/CP.202112_48(4).0002

摘要

創意人才近年來被視為創造區域經濟成長的重要因素，然而這項觀點仍存在爭議，因此部分研究改以創意產業為創意變數進行實證。本文認為創意人才與創意產業各自代表不同型態的創意變數，若是在實證研究上忽略其中一種變數將可能導致估計偏誤產生，因而本文嘗試同時考量兩種創意變數以估計對經濟成長的影響。因應經濟活動在空間分布的不均性與避免非空間性迴歸方法而產生偏誤問題，本文使用空間迴歸方法為基礎的分析方式。此外，本文將使用分量迴歸方法估計應變數在不同分位下受到創意變數的影響程度，進而能更仔細研究創意變數的影響。研究結果顯示，相較以往所使用的非空間模型，空間迴歸得出創意變數對經濟成長的影響程度確實減低，並且在控制熱點的情況下也使得創意變數的影響程度下降，最後分量迴歸的結果顯示了創意變數影響力將隨著應變數分量提升而增加。

關鍵字

創意人才 ； 創意產業 ； 創業 ； 空間迴歸 ； 分量迴歸

並列摘要

The creative class has been shown to be a dominant factor in spurring regional economic growth. Still, there remains controversy with the theory; based on this, some studies turn the foci into the creative industry for further empirical research. We argue that the creative class and the creative industry could represent different aspect of creativity, and neglecting one of these factors could lead to estimation bias. Therefore, this study attempts to estimate the effect of creativity on economic growth by considering both factors. Our empirical model uses spatial regression as the base method because the spatial distribution of economic activity is uneven, leading to the danger of biased results from non-spatial regression. Furthermore, this study estimates the effect of creativity under different ratios of the dependent variable by using quantile regression method, enabling a thorough discussion of the impact effect. Empirical results show that considering the spatial effect decreases the impact effect of creativity on economic performance, and the impact effect of creativity decreases when the spatial hot spot variable is included. The marginal effect increases as the dependent variable increases under quantile regression.

並列關鍵字

Creative class ； Creative industry ； Entrepreneurship ； Spatial regression ； Quantile regression

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