全球化對勞動份額之影響－台灣製造業分析

The Effects of Globalization on Labor Shares - Some Evidence from Taiwan's Manufacturing Industries

劉碧珍(Bih Jane Liu) ； 楊子菡(Tzu-Han Yang) ； 黃登興(Deng-Shing Huang)

《經濟論文叢刊》 48卷3期 (2020/09) Pp. 421-451

https://doi.org/10.6277/TER.202009_48(3).0004

摘要

台灣在1990年代中葉之後全球化有加速進行的趨勢，同時勞動份額也開始下跌。本文目的即在討論全球化是否是造成台灣製造業勞動份額下跌的主要肇因。本文發現，造成台灣製造業勞動份額下跌，主要來自全球化後產業偏向資本密集的生產方式，以及對中國大陸累計投資增加所致。這些與多數文獻之主張「全球化有降低勞動份額」的結論一致。但對中國出口或對中國之外其他地區的累計投資，反而對勞動份額有正面影響，則與多數文獻的結論不一致。本文進一步對勞動份額加以拆解，發現不論結論是否與文獻相同，其詮釋也因台灣經濟現象特殊而與文獻不同。

關鍵字

勞動份額 ； 全球化 ； 技術進步 ； 對外投資

並列摘要

Taiwan has been experiencing fast globalization after the mid-1990s; Taiwan's labor share of income has also reached a peak in 1995 and has begun to fall since then. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether globalization is the main triggering factor for the falling labor shares in Taiwan's manufacturing industries. We show that manufacturing industries' adoption of more capital-intensive technology and increasing cumulative FDI to mainland China as a result of globalization are the two main factors causing the labor shares in Taiwan's manufacturing industries to fall. This is consistent with the findings in most previous literature. However, Taiwan's exports to China and cumulative FDI to countries other than China tend to raise labor shares, which is different from past findings. By breaking down the changes in labor shares, we find that because of the unique economic situation that Taiwan faces, the explanation for our empirical results (regardless of whether or not they are consistent with the literature) may differ from those provided by the literature.

並列關鍵字

labor share ； globalization ； technological progress ； foreign direct investment

參考文獻

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