Marxism and Nature: The Marxist Materialist View of Nature and Ecological Critique of Industrial Capitalism

本篇論文旨在以馬克思主義的觀點，來檢視生態危機的形成原因。當代綠色政治和卞流綠色理論的弱點在於對生態問題反應L的不足本文探討馬克思和恩格斯著作中唯物論、勞動過程、以及物質交換理論的觀點，企圖對人與自然相互依存的概念作更深入的哲學除理解。此外，本文亦挪用馬克思唯物的社會經濟理論，來駁斥當代綠色理論謬誤的邏輯，意即，任何生態論述若不觸及社會經濟層而則爲處構無效的論述。因爲充滿陣秘性、萬物有靈、浪漫色彩的綠色理論忽視了當今資本主義社會邏輯，也就是以利潤爲主的生產模式和誇耀的資本主義消費模式才是真正加速環境破壞的元兇。

關鍵字

生態危機；唯物論；物質交換；人與自然相互依存；生存物質；資本主義

並列摘要

Any green critical theory which does not account for capitalism's profit-orientation and productivism undermines itself with regard to the threat of environmental devastation. The key concepts of Marxism man as a natural being, the metabolic man-nature dichotomy, and the anthropocentric consideration all contribute to a better understanding of the bilateral relationship between man and nature. By virtue of a specific analysis of the original work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels pertaining to ecological concerns, this essay argues for a critical reappropriation of Marx's socioeconomic/materialist contentions in an attempt to offer an alternative to the often naïve advocacy of modern green theory. A Marxist materialist anthropocentric view of nature, advanced in this essay, directly contradicts the foundations of contemporary, ecocentric green theory. Ecocentric theory, with its romantic cult of nature, disregards the fact that the current mode of production and consumption, based on the capitalist logic of unlimited profit accumulation and Ostentatious consumption, is the main factor precipitating catastrophic ecological crisis.

並列關鍵字

ecological crisis ； materialism ； material exchange ； man's reliance upon nature ； means of subsistence

參考文獻

Agger, Ben(1979).Western Warxism: An Introduction.Santa Monica:Goodyear.

Google Scholar

Balbus, Isaac D.(1982).Marxism and Domination: A Neo-Hegelianism, Feminist, Psychoanalytic Theory of Sexual, Political, and Technological Liberation.Princeton:Princeton UP.