「現代地圖學」思潮下的臺灣地圖教育

臺灣從1960年代開始正式地圖學授課時，就已經處於「現代地圖學」的思潮之下。歷經五十幾年這種科學精神到底對地圖作品產生何種影響，是本研究最想獲知的訊息。因此本研究挑選了五所大學地理所的研究論文當作探討樣本，統一取其研究區插圖做為研究對象。擷取版面設計、圖徵表達、註記標註三大面向，以正確、平衡、和諧及簡括化技巧、可讀性、對比、形底關係與階層結構等因子加以分析。結果發現，這些年來造成地圖表達差異的最大因子，來自於操作過程。在手工時期，類比式的手法較能吻合理論上的要求；而電腦時期則因軟體上色彩與自動化的加入，提供較高的靈活度，致地圖的表達較具創造性，相對也較偏離識覺研究成果所提供的製圖規範。但兩者也都因在同一科學思潮影響下，同樣犯有此一時期最缺乏展現民族特色之美的缺點。

關鍵字

地圖設計；識覺；視覺差異變數；美學；註記

並列摘要

Taiwan has been under the ideological trend of ＂modern cartography＂ since the course of cartography started in the 1960s. The goal of this research is trying to discuss the influence on map making during these past 50 years. Therefore, this study selected the maps from geographic thesis as the samples, and their illustrations of the research areas was the study objects. Layout design, graphic representation, and annotation three aspects were selected and analyze with factors of correctness, balance, harmony and generalization, legibility, contrast, figure-ground relationship and hierarchical organization. The results showed the most important factor that caused the difference in map expression over the years came from the operation process. In the manual period, the analogy approach is more close to the theoretical requirements, while in the computer period, because software support color and automation, it provides a higher degree of flexibility, which makes the expression of maps more creative but relatively far from the perception rules. Under the scientific trend, whether in manual or computer age all lack of the beauty of ethnic characteristics.