臺灣歌仔冊編寫人「歌仔先」梁松林、蔡碖事蹟的考索與調查

梁松林（1890－1974）素有「臺省老牌通俗臺灣歌選人」、「臺省馳名編作臺灣通俗歌選人」之稱，是目前所知編著歌仔冊數量最多者。2018年12月，杜建坊與梁松林長孫吳哲叡取得聯繫，不僅找到梁氏戶籍資料，也得知不少梁氏之日常生活軼事。本文首先以1920－30年代之《臺灣日日新報》為考察範圍，從中另再新鉤沉出數則有關梁松林的新聞報導，具體呈現梁氏鮮為人知的不同面貌。其次，根據英國牛津大學博德利圖書館（Bodleian Library）館藏歌仔冊稀見刊本：《新編三國歌》（Sinica 4348, 1948）、《新版武家坡王寶川採桑一集》（Sinica 4355，未署年月）、《新版武家坡王寶川採桑No.1》（Sinica 4354，未署年月）之相關內容，對梁松林及其學生王秋榮（烏雞）的互動往來，進行考查。再其次，英國牛津大學博德利圖書館的歌仔冊中，又有《薛仁貴征東歌》第1集至第6集（Sinica 4462，1956），其版權頁載有「雲林鄉（縣）二崙鄉油車村著作者蔡碖」，筆者以此線索，透過田野調查，尋訪到蔡碖（1917－1999？）四子蔡文詔先生，經由蔡文詔先生口述，人稱「碖先」（lún-sian）的歌仔先蔡碖之生平事蹟，始有機會為我們所知曉。

關鍵字

歌仔冊；歌仔先；梁松林；蔡碖；王秋榮；烏雞

並列摘要

Liang Songlin (1890-1974), who authored the most kua-á songs, has long been recognized as the exemplar kua-á lyricist (kua-á sian). In 2018, Du Jianfang got in touch with Liang's eldest grandson, Wu Zherui and located Liang's household registration as well as anecdotes of his daily life. In this study, I begin with surveying the Taiwan Daily News of the 1920s to 1930s for entries about Liang Songlin, filling in some information about him previously unknown. Secondly, I use the rare editions of three kua-á booklets held in Bodleian Library, Oxford University to determine details about Liang's contacts with his student Wang Qiurong (Wuji). Finally, additional six kua-á booklets from the same collection have identified on the back, the name of the lyricist being Cai Lun of Erlun Town, Yunlin County. I followed this clue and conducted field trips to track down Cai's fourth son, Cai Wenzhao. With this oral history, we are able to give an account of Cai Lun's life.