我國觀光餐旅業員工離職傾向研究之內容分析

Content Analysis of Researches for Employee Turnover Intention of Tourism and Hospitality Service Industry in Taiwan

王瑤芬(Yao-Fen Wang) ； 洪久賢(Jeou-Shyan Horng)

《觀光研究學報》 10卷4期 (2004/12) Pp. 125-143

https://doi.org/10.6267/JTLS.2004.10(4)8

摘要

近年來有關員工離職的研究漸增，因為適度的員工離職行為可幫助企業組織新陳代謝，有助業績的提升，而員工也可累積不同的工作經驗，從工作中增長知能，有利職涯的發展。然而，若員工離職率偏高，則會對企業組織造成許多負面的影響，帶來許多隱藏的不可見成本，也會對顧客滿意度、忠誠度造成影響，對個人而言也造成職涯不安定感。而觀光餐旅業由於其工作特性，使得員工的離職率較其他行業來得高。因此，員工的異動一直是近年來觀光餐旅業經營上所面臨的最大的壓力之一，也是觀光餐旅研究方面的熱門議題。
本研究目的包括：1．使用內容分析法，探討近十年來國內觀光餐旅業員工離職傾向之研究成效。2．依據對學位論文之研究結果的分析，歸納國內觀光餐旅業員工離職傾向之重要影響因素。3．分析近十年來國內觀光餐旅業員工離職傾向研究的理論運用情形。4．依據本研究結果，對後續研究提出具體建議。
本研究蒐集國內近十多年來有關觀光餐旅業員工離職傾向的學位論文，共計15篇，針對論文的研究背景、研究相關特徵、樣本特性、研究工具、資料處理方式、理論的使用情形等進行後設的內容分析，並與國外研究結果作一比較，並提出建議，期能對後續研究有所啟示。

關鍵字

勞力流動 ； 離職傾向 ； 內容分析 ； 後設分析

並列摘要

Several societal trends have contributed to the increasing importance of employee turnover. Employee turnover has long been a key issue of organizations' career development. An unreasonable turnover rate would emerge a lot of invisible cost and have many negative effects on a firm's performance.
As studies showed, employee turnover in hospitality service industry was high. Therefore, it was very important to investigate the reasons which caused employee to leave his job, then can help organizations designing suitable employee training programs to diminish the turnover rate or to increase the retention.
This study used content analysis to analyze fifteen theses about employee turnover intention of hospitality service industry in recent ten years. The main purpose was to get an integrated understanding towards this topic and highlight factors influencing employee turnover. Moreover, based on results, the directions of further research were discussed.

並列關鍵字

labor mobility ； content analysis ； meta-analysis

參考文獻

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Bronfenbrenner, U.(1979).The ecology of human development.Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press.

Butler, S.,Skipper, J. K.(1983).Working the circuit: An explanation of employee turnover in the restaurant industry.Sociological Spectrum.3,19-33.

Hinkin, T. R.,Tracey, J. B.(2000).The cost of turnover: putting a price on the learning curve.Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly.41(3),14-21.