以時間日記法評量大學生休閒與自由時間之運用

Measuring Leisure and Free Time Usage of College Students: A Time Diary Approach

許義忠(Yi-Chung Hsu) ； 莊麗君(Ophelia L. J. Chuang) ； 葉智魁(Chih-Kuei Yeh)

《觀光研究學報》 13卷4期 (2007/12) Pp. 289-308

https://doi.org/10.6267/JTLS.2007.13(4)1

摘要

本研究旨在釐清休閒定義，並呼籲建構本土休閒活動量表，採時間日記法(time diaries)來探討台灣大學生：（一）休閒時間與自由時間的差異；（二）大多從事哪些休閒活動；（三）從事必要活動、義務活動及自由時間活動產生休閒體驗的頻率為何，及性別的差異。研究對象為東部某大學選修通識課程的60名學生，每位學生均被要求填寫時間日記問卷，2002年6月共計獲得385人／天次資料，7,998個日記事件。結果顯示，研究樣本的「休閒時間」比「自由時間」長（7.06小時／天vs.4.95小時／天）；研究對象從必要活動、義務活動及自由時間活動都可以獲得休閒體驗，但是沒有性別差異。研究結論有四：（一）本研究突顯了時間日記法的價值與重要性；（二）休閒體驗大小與感覺自由程度具有相關；（三）大學生的休閒活動非常新穎且多樣化，而科技與電腦會影響休閒活動的選擇；（四）獲得休閒體驗沒有性別差異，但是大學男生偏愛競爭型休閒，而女生偏愛聯誼型休閒。文末並對未來研究提出建議。

關鍵字

自由時間 ； 休閒體驗 ； 主觀定義 ； 感覺自由

並列摘要

In order to reexamine the definition of leisure and call for establishing Taiwanese leisure behavior inventory, this study, using a time diary approach, attempts to explore (1) the difference between leisure time and free time, (2) what leisure activities college students participate, (3) the leisure experiences occurred for committed, obligatory, and discretionary time activities and the gender differences. The study sample was 60 college students who took general college classes during the spring semester of 2002. Each respondent was asked to fill out a time diary questionnaire. Finally, 385 questionnaires were collected with 7,998 diary events for data analyses. Results indicated leisure time was longer than free time (7.06 hours vs. 4.95 hours per day). Leisure can be experienced in all occasions, including work, but no gender difference was found. Four conclusions were drawn. (1) The value of the time diary approach on leisure research is identified. (2)The magnitude of leisure experience correlates with the degree of perceived freedom of the respondents. (3) The respondents live quite leisurely college life with novel and diverse leisure activities participated. (4) No gender difference is found in leisure experiences. But males prefer competitive leisure, while females prefer affiliation leisure. Suggestions for future studies are made.

並列關鍵字

discretionary time ； leisure experience ； perceived freedom ； subjective definition