福山試驗集水區量水堰之設計－分段複式量水堰

Design of Two-Section Compound Weirs on Fushan Experimental Watersheds

夏禹九(Yue-Joe Hsia) ； 黃正良(Jeen-Lian Hwong) ； 陳明杰(Ming-Chieh Chen)

《台灣林業科學》 11卷2期 (1996/06) Pp. 113-122

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.199606.0113

摘要

因為高流量與低流量差異懸殊，福山1號與2號集水區之量水堰無法以單一斷面的構造來設計。為了避免水位流量率定關係缺乏通用的公式可資依循，此二量水堰是採用分段式直角三角形與矩形銳緣堰口之設計。因為集水區的面積較大，直角三角形堰口亦加深到1至1.2m。受到河道實際坡度與構造物成本的限制，堰口後靜水池的長度與深度均無法達到標準的要求，所以在上游的矩形堰與下游的三角堰之靜水池內除了以消能牆來消除水流的能量外，尚需加上一排鑽孔的塑膠管柵以確保靜水池的消能作用。本報告檢討此一分段式直角三角形與矩形銳緣堰水位－流量率定公式，進行誤差分析；以述明福山1號與2號集水區之量水堰所測得的流量的信賴區間。

關鍵字

量水堰 ； 試驗集水區 ； 森林水文

並列摘要

A two-section compound weir design was chosen to accommodate the large differences between low and high streamflow at the Fushan experimental watersheds No.1 and No.2. The compound weir consists of a rectangular sharp-crested weir located upstream and a 90° V-notch weir downstream at the gauging site. Constrained by the physical conditions at the gauging sites, the size of the stilling ponds were unable to fulfill all requirements for sharp-crested webs. A dam constructed by perforated plastic pipes was used in the stilling ponds to reduce the energy of inflow water. Several stage height-discharge rating equations and their associated errors were examined. The results indicate that the V-notch weir should be used when the stage height is below 0.6m. When the stage height at the V-notched weir is above 0.6m, the calculated discharge is more accurate based on the stage height measured at the rectangular weir.

並列關鍵字

weir ； experimental watershed ； forest hydrology