木賊葉木麻黃原生種源之形態系統歸類

Morphological Phylogeny of Natural Provenances of Casuarina equisetifolia

何坤益(Kuen-Yih Ho) ； 陳財輝(Tsai-Huei Chen) ； 楊政川(Jenq-Chuan Yang)

《台灣林業科學》 16卷4期 (2001/12) Pp. 285-293

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200112.0285

摘要

自臺灣四湖濱海地區林業試驗所經營之7年生木賊葉木麻黃國際種源林分中，選取12個原生種源，比較8項生長與形態的性狀，藉以探討其變異情形。各項性狀之數據資料經變異分析，除主軸永存性與側枝之粗細等2項性狀無顯著然異外，其餘6種性狀均有顯著差異。另就生長與形態的性狀與地理、緯度相關性測驗，結果彼此間並未達顯著水準。
歸群分析之樹狀圖顯示，木賊葉木麻黃種源已趨於2組群團關係且表現了區域關聯，澳洲、巴布新幾內亞、菲律賓、沙巴及斐濟等南洋群島、大洋洲之種源歸為一群：而關島、婆羅洲及泰國等大陸邊緣之種源則歸成另一群的關係。由主座標分析之空間分佈關係，推估其主要分佈地理中心可能由達爾文、沙巴、斐濟及菲律賓等種源所形成，從地理親緣之關聯，推測可能由此而逐漸擴散到現有及分佈區域。

關鍵字

木賊葉木麻黃 ； 生長 ； 形態性狀 ； 種源 ； 歸群分析

並列摘要

Variations in 8 items of growth and morphological characteristics of 7-yr-old Casuarina equisetifolia were evaluated from 12 native provenances planted in the Szehu-coastal area of the Taiwan Forestry Research Institute. Highly significant differences (p＜0.001) were found in 6 characteristics among provenances but not for stem persistence or permanent branch thickness. Based on our mantel test, correlation coefficients among growth traits of provenances were insignificant, which might have been influenced by the geographical distribution, latitude, and elevation of the provenances.
Results from both cluster analysis and principal co-component analysis suggest that the 12 Casuarina equisetifolia provenances can be classified into 2 geographical groupings. The 1st grouping of provenances includes those from Australia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sabah in Malaysia, and Fiji, which belong to the Malay Archipelago and Oceania. The other grouping of provenances includes those from Guam, Sarawak in Malaysia, and Thailand, which belong to continental at Asia. The center of variation originated from Australia, Sabah in Malaysia, Fiji, and the Philippines, and these areas are geographically related. Possibly, provenances later spread from that origin to other regions.

並列關鍵字

Casuarina equisetifolia ； growth ； morphological characteristics ； provenance ； cluster analysis