花蓮縣富里鄉吉哈拉艾文化景觀水圳保護林帶物種組成

Plant Species Compositions of Protected Forested Ditches in the Cihalaay Cultural Landscape, Fuli Township, Hualien County

陳建帆(Chen Chien-Fan) ； 蘇迎晨(Su Ying-Chen) ； 廖敏君(Liao Min-Chun) ； 董景生(Tung Gene-Sheng) ； 藍姆路．卡造(Lameru Kacaw)

《台灣林業科學》 36卷2期 (2021/06) Pp. 141-160

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.202106_36(2).0004

摘要

花蓮縣富里鄉豐南村範圍內吉哈拉艾聚落、水梯田與百年水圳及石厝溝溪集水區範圍劃定為「吉哈拉艾文化景觀」。當地居民為維護水梯田水源穩定供給，長期守護水圳及保護林帶，同時保存陡峭坡面的原始植被及植物。本研究目的為調查四條傳統水圳及保護林帶之物種組成，並分析植物資源重要性，提供植物資源保存與永續利用建議。我們調查四條水圳的植相及稀有植物，並以Jaccard相異性指數分析各水圳物種組成相異性。同時設置樣線，以點中心四分法調查水圳保護林帶之物種組成。調查結果顯示，區內四條傳統水圳共記錄101科259屬329種植物，包含特有種53種、歸化植物28種、稀有植物13種。1號水圳植物物種數、稀有植物種數最高，歸化植物比例最低。在1號水圳保護林內，以灰背櫟為優勢的植物社會，及石門圳以太魯閣櫟為優勢的峽谷岩壁植物社會，均為保護留區以外的重要生育地。根據研究結果，建議1號及2號圳以灌溉及景觀保護功能為優先；石門圳及4號圳則可維持現有社區生態旅遊運作模式，以取得聚落發展與永續利用之里山目標。

關鍵字

水圳保護林 ； Jaccard相異性指數 ； 點中心四分法 ； 稀有植物 ； 里山

並列摘要

Cihalaay Village of Fuli Township, Hualien County, with distinctive terraced paddy fields, irrigation ditches, and the Shicuogou Stream watershed, was designated the Cihalaay Cultural Landscape. The irrigation ditches are maintained by the indigenous residents to ensure a water supply. As a result, the vegetation and plant species that occur on the steep slopes of the ditches have also been conserved under this mutually beneficial relationship. In this study, we investigated the plant species composition of 4 traditional ditches and a protected forested ditch to analyze the importance and uniqueness of plant resources among different kinds of ditches, and propose a sustainability management approach and development strategies. The flora and rare species in these 4 ditches were surveyed, and then the Jaccard dissimilarity index was applied to compare differences among them. We also used the point-centered quarter method to survey the species composition of the protected forested ditch. In total, 329 species in 259 genera and 101 families were recorded in the 4 traditional ditches, including 53 endemic species, 28 naturalized species, and 13 rare species. Ditch no. 1 had the highest plant species number, and endemic and rare species numbers, and the lowest occurrence of naturalized plants. Also, we identified the Quercus hypophaea dominant forest in ditch no. 1 and Quercus tarokoensis dominant rocky-cliff vegetation in the Shimen ditch as valuable habitats for those species outside of protected areas. We suggest prioritizing the conservation and landscape protection function of irrigation ditches 1 and 2. Meanwhile, we also urge the local community to balance economic and sustainable usage in light of the idea of Satoyama by developing ecotourism in the Shimen ditch and ditch no. 4.

並列關鍵字

protected forested ditch ； Jaccard dissimilarity index ； point-centered quarter method ； rare species ； Satoyama