本研究先以文獻探討法來瞭解兒童科學概念研究領域的理論淵源與最近幾年的研究現況,另一方面實證性探究目前國小高年級學童對電池所具有的另有概念。理論分析著重在科學哲學的隱喻與影響以及概念研究的主要派典;相關研究現況則聚焦於綜論型與電池概念相關之研究。實證性探究部分,先分析現行及九年一貫課程關於電池概念的架構,結合文獻、學者專家、國小實務科學教師與兒童生活經驗,發展命題知識敘述與專家目標概念圖;再據以編製電池概念的晤談題幹。研究對象為18位國小高年級學童,採質性研究設計,以半結構式操作晤談來蒐集學童對電池的另有概念類型與探究初步成因。研究結果發現兒童的科學概念研究,其理論依據相當程度植基於科學哲學各學派的觀點,建構主義思潮的影響尤鉅,而目前的科學概念研究,實則已融合了過往四個時期概念研究的主要派典。經由實證性的探究,國小學童具有許多有關電池的另有概念,這些另有概念,與國內外相關文獻研究中出現與本研究相類似的結果,顯示電池的另有概念, 具有相當之普含性。藉本研究結果,希對學童電池概念的學習、學校科學課程的設計與後續的研究方向提出建議。
In this research, we have applied literature in science conceptions research as well as field investigation to probe alternative conceptions of primary school pupils. Theoretical studies from the literature have shown that there were many emphases on the physical meaning and the effects drawn by philosophers of science leading to the formation of paradigms on science conceptions research. Our focus on primary school pupils' alternative conceptions related to batteries are divided into four phases: (i) analyze context regarding battery in present primary school and subsequent nine-years of continuous curricula; (ii) summarize propositional statements and develop target concept map on battery from the comments and responses of researchers, in-service teachers and pupils; (iii) edit protocols for interviews; (iv) collect and analyze pupils’ alternative conceptions using the tools described above. Results, from 18 primary school pupils, show that our joint venture on concept formation research has been affected by the four temporal paradigms formed at certain prominent historical landmarks in science conceptions research. Our data also show some similarity and generalization with that in the literatures on science conceptions research.