論生命的超越

On the Transcendence of Life

黎惟東(Li Weidong)

《宗教哲學》 94期 (2020/12) Pp. 1-11

https://doi.org/10.6309/JORP.202012_(94).0001

摘要

雅斯貝爾斯認為：「人永遠不能窮盡自身。人的本質不是不變的，而是一個過程；它不僅是一個現存的生命，在其發展過程中，他還有意志自由，能夠主宰自己的行動，這使他有可能按照自己的願望塑造自身。」可見人是能夠自決、自塑，同時能實現自己的自由。人的出生雖然被註定，但沒有先天的固定本質，其本質是在存在過程中自我生成的。人的價值存在使人打破肉體存在的桎梏，使生命存在的方式獲得了開放的和生成的性質，從而超越自然事物的生存方式。故生命比客觀生物個體存在的過程具有更多的內涵，它們決定了人生的方向和態度，而且在展示生命本質的同時自然突顯人類生命的優越地位，及人類精神的卓越。人能不斷自我超越、自我創造，正是這種獨特性證實了人是生成的。人類及每一個個體存在價值的終極歸宿在於自我生成和圓滿，以及實現人之所以為人的獨特本質。

關鍵字

生命 ； 生成 ； 超越

並列摘要

German philosopher Jaspers believes: ＂Man can never exhaust himself. The essence of man is not constant, but a process. It is not only an existing life, in its development process, he also has the freedom of will and can dominate his actions, which makes it possible for him to shape himself according to his wishes.＂ It can be seen that people are capable of self-determination and self-molding, and at the same time realize their own freedom. Although the birth of a person is doomed, it has no innate fixed essence, and its essence is self-generated in the process of existence. The existence of human value enables humans to break the shackles of physical existence, so that the way of existence of life acquires the nature of openness and generation, thus transcending the way of existence of natural things. Therefore, life has more connotations than the process of the existence of objective biological individuals. They determine the direction and attitude of life, and while showing the essence of life, they naturally highlight the superior status of human life and the excellence of human spirit. Human beings can constantly transcend and create themselves. It is this uniqueness that proves that human beings are born. The ultimate destination of the existence value of human beings and each individual lies in self-generation and consummation, and to realize the reason why people are human.

並列關鍵字

life ； generate ； transcendence