六壬仙師原型初探－以傳教師記憶、法本、經籙與神牌為核心

A Preliminary Study of ＂Liu-ren Xian-shi 六壬仙師＂: Focusing on the Oral Record of the Masters, the Scriptures and the Spirit tablet

毛帝勝(Mao, Ti-Sheng)

《宗教哲學》 98期 (2021/12) Pp. 49-67

https://doi.org/10.6309/JORP.202112_(98).0003

摘要

六壬仙師，是民間法派重要的主尊神祇與祀神之一，尤其是閩粵、臺灣與星馬一帶傳承的六壬法派、天和正教（天和門、崑崙法教）、閭山法教等諸多法派教門都有該神的祭祀，或是奉請該神的符咒。有關六壬仙師的原型，目前部分六壬傳教師多指向唐代國師李淳風（602～670），儘管被部分六壬弟子接受，甚至有以李淳風之名予六壬法壇命名。但此說仍有爭議，亦有稱六壬仙師為「先天之神」，以及稱其為「鬼谷先生」。究竟這些說法何者為真，則需要商榷。因此，為研究六壬仙師的身分為何，本研究查考有關六壬法派之相關專著、研究，再蒐集相關法本，以及與六壬傳教師口法，以此整理出諸來源對六壬仙師的見解，進而解讀分析，六壬仙師的可能原型。

關鍵字

六壬仙師 ； 六壬 ； 民間法派 ； 民間信仰 ； 道教

並列摘要

＂Liu-ren Xian-shi 六壬仙師＂ is one of the important main deities and worship gods of the folk sects, especially the Liu-ren sect, Tianhe 天和正教, Lushan 閭山法教, which are inherited from Fujian, Guangdong, Taiwan, Singapore, and Malaysia. Many religious sects, such as witchcraft, have sacrificed to the gods, or enchanted the gods with spells. Regarding the prototype of ＂Liu-ren Xian-shi＂, some Liu-ren masters currently point to Li Chun-feng 李淳風(602~670), the officer of the Tang Dynasty, although it was accepted by some Liu-ren disciples, and even named the Liu-ren witchcraft Altar in the name of Li Chun-feng. However, this theory is still controversial, and it is also said that Immortal Liu-ren is called ＂the ancient gods 先天之神＂and＂Master Gui-gu 鬼谷先生＂. Which of these claims is true is debatable. Therefore, in order to study the identity of ＂Liu-ren Xian-shi＂, this research examines the relevant monographs and researches on Liu-ren witchcraft, and then collects relevant texts, as well as talks with Liu-ren teachers, so as to sort out the opinions of ＂Liu-ren Xian-shi＂ from various sources, and then interpret and analyze the original identity of ＂Liu-ren Xian-shi＂.

並列關鍵字

Liu-ren Xian-shi ； Liu-ren sect ； Witchcraft ； Folk Faith ； Taoism