朱熹靜坐觀中的「儒理」建構

宋明理學家對儒學的發揚，一方面既在於闡釋儒家義理，另一方面在修養工夫上亦多有著墨，朱熹身為集宋代理學之大成，尊崇儒家、力排佛老，他對儒學的發揚有許多建樹，在本體論、工夫論的建構上也有諸多貢獻。朱熹當時，許多宋代理學家都有靜坐的習慣，饒富旨趣地是，佛家僧侶、儒家學者都採用靜坐這門修養工夫，朱熹對此敏銳地進行分判，將「儒家的靜坐」與「佛家的禪坐」劃分界線，使得儒、佛兩線脈絡涇渭分明，不相混淆。本文從「朱熹靜坐觀對佛家『禪』的消解」以及「朱熹靜坐觀對『儒理』的建構」兩方面，對朱熹學說中獨樹一幟的靜坐觀進行闡述。

關鍵字

朱熹；靜坐觀；儒家；佛家；禪

並列摘要

The development of Confucianism by Neo-Confucians in the Song and Ming Dynasties, on the one hand, is to explain the principles of Confucianism, and on the other hand, they also have a lot of self-cultivation skills. There are many achievements, and there are many contributions to the construction of ontology and methodology. At the time of Zhu Xi, many Song Dynasty scholars had the habit of sitting in meditation. Interestingly, Buddhist monks and Confucian scholars all used meditation as a form of self-cultivation. "Zen" in Buddhism divides the boundaries, making the two lines of Confucianism and Buddhism distinct and not confused. This article expounds Zhu Xi's unique meditation concept in Zhu Xi's theory from two aspects: "Zhu Xi's meditation concept dispels Buddhist "Zen"" and "Zhu Xi's meditation concept constructs "Confucianism"".

並列關鍵字

Zhu Xi ； Meditation ； Confucianism ； Buddhism ； Zen

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