咬合學的教學目的與方法

Goals and Guidelines for Undergraduate Education in Occlusion

蕭裕源(Yuh-Yuan Shiau)

《Journal of Medical Education》 3卷1期 (1999/03) Pp. 11-18

https://doi.org/10.6145/jme.199903_3(1).0003

摘要

咬合學是大學部牙醫學教學課程之一，原為必修課程牙體形態學之一部分，但其研討範圍隨牙醫師對顎功能障礙及疼痛問題之關心及研究而日益擴大。自1960年以來，授課範圍已不限於靜態的形態學，甚至不是功能性或動態性的顎運動學所能涵蓋。因此，咬合學的敎學如果不擴充為涵蓋顎功能障礙及口顔部疼痛之流行病學、病因學、診斷、鑑別診断及治療，則必須將有關病症的部分另開一門分課講授。涵蓋法之授課較能連貫一氣，課程宗旨及方法較不易有偏差，而分課法則較能與其他臨床課程配合，討論病症時較無困難。綜觀國內外目前及以往之課程安排，作者認為將咬合學分成基礎部分及臨床部分兩階段學程較合理，但需由一位課程主持人負責安排，並邀請相關部分之專家講授各階段之教學，以收連貫之效，並可避免臨床教學之困難。

關鍵字

牙醫學教育 ； 咬合學學程 ； 顎功能障礙

並列摘要

Occlusion is a core course in undergraduate dental education, and is given following the completion of study in dental morphology. Since 1960,the symptomatology of the temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and orofacial pain has been related to dental occlusion and become an important topic. Thus the discussion on occlusion can not be limited to static morphology and functional jaw movement. Therefore, if the content of course on occlusion does not cover the teaching of TMD/orofacial pain including its symptomatology, epidemiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment, revision of course content to include TMD/orofacial pain is necessary. It would be easier to keep a consistent track of learning if the occlusion course includes discussion of TMD/orofacial pain. On the other hand, separation of the occlusion course into clinical and basic parts, and give these two parts in two semesters or years would eliminate the difficulties in teaching the symptomatology of TMD/orofacial pain. In this study, we reviewed present and previous domestic and international curricula and teaching goals on occlusion course. Our results suggest that the separation of the basic and clinical parts of occlusion may resolve current course deficiencies. However, the separation of these courses will require a course organizer who is in charge of setting guidelines for the two parts and inviting specialists to participate in teaching on specific topics. This redesign of undergraduate dental program on occlusion can maintain the continuation and completeness of the teaching and the difficulties of clinical teaching can be overcome.

並列關鍵字

dental education ； occlusion curriculum ； temporomandibular disorders