水域活動安全素養融入海洋教育之課程設計：以淡水河獨木舟為例

「十二年國民基本教育課程綱要」強調學生藉由學習的過程來獲得核心素養，因此在水域活動課程中如透過教學建立正確的水域安全知識與技能，並以系統化的建構水域安全教育之內涵及概念，進而形塑正確的外顯行為表現，將是預防水域意外事件的有效策略。本文目的由水域活動安全素養融入海洋教育的角度出發，透過水域安全風險因子評估方法來瞭解於淡水河從事水域活動的相關風險，以建構出水域安全教育課程的概念內涵，並以此概念作為課程設計之參考，進而藉由學校教育的途徑來傳達防溺知能的目標。本文所得結果以淡水河中所應注意水域活動之風險類型，設計相對應的水域安全能力指標，並融入與之相關的5個海洋教育議題，規劃出符合生活中所相對應的水域安全素養課程，並實際以探索之方式讓學生瞭解現況及反思相關應變之方法，藉以內化並提升其水域安全素養，以達到本課程之學習成效。建議未來應將海洋教育核心素養議題融入結合戶外教學引導學生認識、親近、熱愛與探索海洋，進而推廣國民珍惜、善用與保育海洋資源，並認識所處家鄉環境中的水域及其相關風險。

關鍵字

十二年國民基本教育課程綱要；核心素養；安全教育；風險因子

並列摘要

The ＂Curriculum guidelines of 12-year basic education-General guidelines＂ of Taiwan's Ministry of Education emphasizes that students acquire core literacy through a learning process. Therefore, a systematic water activities curriculum can provide a solid knowledge base of water safety skills, concepts and connotations, while fostering the formation of correct outward behavioral expressions. Taken together, these will provide an effective strategy for preventing water accidents. The four goals of this paper are: to understand the risks associated with water activities in Tamsui rivers through the assessment of water safety risk factors, to construct the conceptual content of a water safety education curriculum, to use this concept as a reference for curriculum design, and to utilize this curriculum to convey goals and information regarding drowning prevention. The results of this paper are based on the types of risks associated with water activities in Tamsui rivers, the design of corresponding water safety competency indicators, and the incorporation of five marine education issues related to them. It is recommended that the core elements and literacy issues of marine education should be incorporated into the design and integrated with outdoor education. These will guide students to understand, prize and respect the ocean, as well as to understand the waters in their home environment and the associated risks. Finally, it will further encourage the nation to cherish, utilize and conserve marine resources.

並列關鍵字

Curriculum guidelines of 12-year basic education-General guidelines ； core literacy ； safety education ； risk factor

參考文獻

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