邁向成人期之正負向思考與心理適應之關係：探討認同探索型態之調節角色

The Relationships between Positive/Negative Thinking and Psychological Adjustment in Emerging Adulthood: Exploring the Moderating Role of Identity Exploration

陳怡甄(Yi-Chen Chen) ； 陳坤虎(Kun-Hu Chen)

《應用心理研究》 74期 (2021/06) Pp. 103-157

https://doi.org/10.3966/156092512021060074003

摘要

本研究旨在探討邁向成人期個體之正負向思考、認同探索型態及心理適應之關聯，並且探討認同探索型態在正負向思考與心理適應之間是否具有調節效果。本研究針對邁向成人期樣本採用網路問卷進行調查，共收取18至30歲有效樣本313人（男性82人、女性231名）。測量工具包含「自動化思考量表」、「認同探索型態量表」、「生活滿意度量表」及SCL-90R憂鬱和焦慮分量表。研究結果顯示，邁向成人期個體在排除控制變項後，正向思考對生活滿意度有較好的預測力，而負向思考則對憂鬱和焦慮有較好的預測力；另外，廣度探索在可在負向思考與憂鬱間扮演調節的角色；換言之，廣度探索可以緩衝負向思考對憂鬱不良的影響。

關鍵字

心理適應 ； 正負向思考 ； 認同探索 ； 邁向成人期

並列摘要

The present study focused on the relationships between positive/ negative thinking, identity exploration, and psychological adjustment in emerging adulthood. We also examined whether identity exploration was a moderator on the relationship between positive/negative thinking and psychological adjustment. The sample included 313 young adults aged between 18-30, with 82 males and 231 females. The online questionnaires included Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire, Identity Development Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, subscales of depression and anxiety in the SCL-90R. The results showed that for emerging adults, positive thinking was a strong predictor of life satisfaction, while negative thinking predicted depression and anxiety, after effects of other variables were statistically controlled. More importantly, exploration in breadth moderated the relationship between negative thinking and depression. In other words, exploration in breadth could buffer the adverse impact of negative thinking on depression. Our findings have valuable implications for theories and practices.

並列關鍵字

emerging adulthood ； identity exploration ； positive/negative thinking ； psychological adjustment

參考文獻

曾筱淨（2019）：《以集群分析探討邁向成人期之自我認同與心理適應之關聯》。輔仁大學，碩士論文。[Tseng H. C. (2019). Using cluster analysis to explore the relation between self-identity and mental health in emerging adulthood (Unpublished mater’s thesis). Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.]

廖小雯、程景琳（2011）：〈成年初顯期的自我認同狀態、自我定義記憶之解釋歷程與心理幸福感之關係探討〉。《應用心理研究》，51期，79-110。[Liao H. W., & Ching C. L. (2011). Identity status, self-defining memory and psychological well-being in emerging adulthood. Research in Applied Psychology, 51, 79-110.]

Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55(5), 469-480.

Arnett, J. J. (2004). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties. New York: Oxford University Press.