探討學齡前期住院病童接受靜脈注射其父母經驗

目的：學齡前期住院病童接受靜脈注射的經驗大都出現語言及非語言激烈的反應，對父母及醫護人員都是極大考驗，研究目的為探討學齡前期住院病童接受靜脈注射其父母之經驗。方法：採質性研究，立意取樣於台南某區域醫院小兒科病房，2018年7月至2019年1月，以半結構式問卷進行一對一訪談，對象為學齡前期住院病童（3-7歲）之父母，且住院期間有參與病童靜脈注射過程者，排除病童診斷有慢性疾病或癌症者，共收案10位，以內容分析法進行資料之分析。結果：以訪談結果分析研究結果以二個面向呈現：一、病童與父母的感受，主題包括：1.父母感受病童感受：預知被打針、預期疼痛的恐懼，2.父母感受：必要的痛苦、不捨受苦、期許一次成功；二、病童與父母的應對，主題包括：1.父母感受病童在注射過程的應對：理性認知的掙扎、無法自控的情緒與抗拒行為、外力的壓制就範、理性控制能力的增長，2.父母在注射過程的應對：語言理性安慰、身體接觸護慰、保護性約束、強化病童安全感、事後鼓勵。結論：研究結果有助於更貼近父母在學齡前期病童接受靜脈注射的需求，可提供更多關於程序的訊息，支持鼓勵其正向應對行為，並重視病童約束限制規範，提供臨床實務及教育之建議。

關鍵字

學齡前期兒童；靜脈注射；住院；父母

並列摘要

Purpose: The reaction of the preschool children receiving intravenous catheterization is a challenge to both parents and nurses. The research aims to explore the experiences of parents whose young children receive intravenous catheterization during hospitalization. Methods: The qualitative research recruited participants from a hospital in Tainan from July, 2018 to January, 2019. The one-on-one interview was conducted with the semi-structured questionnaire. The participants were the parents whose young children (3-7 years old) received intravenous catheterization during hospitalization. The parents whose young children diagnosed with chronic diseases or cancers were excluded. The total 10 participants were analyzed with the content analysis method. Results: The interview results were analyzed and presented in two perspectives which were I. the feeling of the children and their parents, including 1. the parents felt children's feeling: the fear from the anticipation of injection and pain, 2. the parents' feeling: understanding the necessity of pain but feeling sorry for the children, expecting the success at one time; and II. the reaction of the children and their parents, including 1. the reaction of the children during the injection: struggle of rational cognition, uncontrolled emotions and resistance, giving in to the suppression of the external forces, and increase in rational control, 2. the reaction of the parents during the injection: rational language comfort, physical contact and comfort, protective restraint, reinforcing the children's sense of security, and encouragement afterwards. Conclusion: The research results are helpful to meet the need of the parents when their early preschool children receive intravenous catheterization in providing more information about the procedure, supporting and encouraging the positive reaction, attaching importance to the regulations about children restraint, and giving suggestions to clinical practice and education.

並列關鍵字

preschool children ； intravenous catheterization ； hospitalization ； parent

參考文獻

郭亭伶（2011）‧運用標靶遊憩減輕學齡前期兒童接受靜脈注射治療程序之行為反應‧臺灣大學護理學研究所學位論文，1-118。doi：10.6342/NTU.2011.01695

穆佩芬（2014）‧質性系統性文獻回顧研究法‧源遠護理，8（3），5-11。doi： 10.6530/YYN/2014.A.02

謝宜娟、劉惠姿、卓燕華（2012）‧降低學齡前期兒童接受靜脈注射恐懼程度之專案‧護理雜誌，59（3），79-86。dio：10.6224/JN.59.3.79

Babl, F. E., Crellin, D., Cheng, J., Sullivan, T. P., O’Sullivan, R., & Hutchinson, A. (2012). The use of the faces, legs, activity, cry and consolability scale to assess procedural pain and distress in young children. Pediatric Emergency Care, 28(12), 1281-1296. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e3182767d66.

Brenner, M. (2013). A need to protect: Parents’ experiences of the practice of restricting a child for a clinical procedure in hospital. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 36(1-2), 5-16. doi: 10.3109/01460862.2013.768312

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