大學運動員樂悲觀及情緒在運動表現及倦怠之關係

Relationships Between Optimism-Pessimism and Affectivity on Sport Performance and Burnout in College Athletes

莊國上(Kuo-Shang Chuang)

《大專體育學刊》 23卷2期 (2021/06) Pp. 134-148

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.202106_23(2).0003

摘要

本研究在瞭解大學運動員樂悲觀特質、情緒對運動員成績表現與倦怠感的影響，以及情緒的中介角色，研究目的區分為二：一、探討大學運動員樂觀對正向情緒與運動表現的關聯性，以及正向情緒之中介效果。二、探討大學運動員悲觀對負向情緒與倦怠的關聯性，以及負向情緒之中介效果。採用問卷調查法蒐集臺灣302名大學運動員資料，研究工具包括樂悲觀、情緒與倦怠等3種量表以及運動表現自陳問卷。研究結果顯示：一、樂觀能有效預測正向情緒及運動表現，正向情緒亦可有效預測運動表現，而正向情緒具有完全中介的效果。二、悲觀能有效預測負向情緒及倦怠，負向情緒亦可有效預測倦怠，而負向情緒具有部分中介的效果。本研究結論：研究發現除支持正向心理學的理論之外，同時也得到一項概念，即運動員對未來的樂悲觀預期，會透過正、負向情緒的中介，對於運動員運動表現與倦怠感產生明顯的影響。

關鍵字

中介角色 ； 完全中介 ； 部分中介 ； 正向心理學

並列摘要

This study examined the effect of optimism-pessimism and affectivity on sport performance and burnout in college athletes, and the mediating role of positive and negative affectivity. The research goals were: (1) to explore the effect of optimism on positive affectivity and sport performance of college athletes and the mediating effect of positive affectivity; (2) to explore the effect of pessimism on negative affectivity and burnout of college athletes and the mediating effect of negative affectivity. A total of 302 colleges athletes' data in Taiwan were collected using survey techniques. The research instruments included 3 kinds of scales of optimism and pessimism, affectivity, and burnout with a self-report questionnaire of sport performance. The results showed that: (1) Optimism can effectively predict positive affectivity and sport performance. Positive affectivity can also effectively predict sport performance, with a full mediation effect. (2) Pessimism can effectively predict negative affectivity and burnout. Negative affectivity can also effectively predict burnout, with a partial mediation effect. The findings not only support positive psychological theory, but also indicate that the optimism and pessimism expectancies of athletes regarding the future will significantly influence satisfaction and burnout of sport performance through the mediators of positive and negative affectivity.

並列關鍵字

mediating role ； full mediation effect ； partial mediation effect ； positive psychological

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