都市防災空間系統建立之研究－以新竹縣竹北市都市地區為例

Planning and Establishing Urban Disaster Prevention Spatial System in Jhubei City, Hsinchu County

李玉生(Yu-Sheng Li) ； 解鴻年(Hung-Nien Hsieh) ； 閻克勤(Ke-Chin Yen) ； 李怡先(Yi-Shian Li)

《建築與規劃學報》 10卷3期 (2009/12) Pp. 201-219

https://doi.org/10.30054/JAP.200912.0003

摘要

近年來，因爲全球環境變遷造成的氣候異常，且都市的無限制擴展與環境敏感地的過度開發，不僅造成開發地區遭受自然災害侵害的機率大增，亦使城鄉發展面臨脆弱度(vulnerability)大幅提昇的威脅｡故如何透過土地使用規劃或空間系統規劃策略的應用，降低天然災害的風險與損害，是許多地方政府與規劃者共同關心的課題。國內關於都市防災規劃的相關法令規定，主要在「都市計畫通盤檢討實施辦法」與2000年頒布的「災害防救法」，內容雖皆顯示地方政府應著手都市防災規劃及擬訂地區災害防救計畫，然而這些法令，在如何落實城鄉規劃的空間災害防救計畫這部分，一直缺乏明確的規範，造成都市計畫在進行通盤檢討時，無法針對地區發展、土地使用與防減災相關工作的推動，提出具體的土地使用與空間發展的整合策略。因此，本研究乃選定台灣科技產業發展重要腹地的竹北地區作爲防災空間系統規劃示範地區，進行竹北地區都市防災相關資料蒐集、資料庫建立與土地使用現況與設施調查，以擬定竹北地區防災空間系統計畫與繪製相關計畫圖，做爲未來都市地區防減災工作推動的檢討依據與參考。研究結果除建立防救災主要設施的調查與簡易需求估計及資源供給評估方法外，並將居民問卷調查與訪談結果納入防災系統建立之依據。擬定之防災空間系統計畫，包含防災路線、避難、消防、警察、醫療及物資集散等六大防災空間系統資源資料與配置計畫圖，可提供各項都市防災整備計畫的可行規劃內容及土地使用或都市規劃策略計畫研擬之參考。

關鍵字

都市防災 ； 防災空間系統規劃手冊 ； 避難據點 ； 避難圈域

並列摘要

Laws and acts related to disaster prevention urban planning in Taiwan focus on ”egulations to Implement Comprehensive Review of Urban Planning” nd ”isaster Prevention Regulations” promulgated in 2000. Although the contents show the local government should set about planning for urban disasters prevention and establish regional disaster prevention program. However, these laws and acts always lack specific regulations on how to fulfill spatial planning for township disasters prevention. When comprehensively reviewing urban planning, integrated strategies of land utilization and spatial development can't be concretely proposed for the regional development, land utilization and promotion of disaster prevention. In this paper, we selected Jhubei, Hsinchu County as demonstration region of spatial system planning for urban disasters prevention to collect related data of disaster prevention urban at Jhubei, establish database, land utilization and facility investigation, including related land investigation, collection of statistic data from government, investigation and simple evaluation of disaster prevention facilities as well as related questionnaire and interview. Meanwhile, we planned spatial system planning for urban disasters prevention and draw related planning diagrams at Jhubei; according to the estimation of disaster prevention facilities and current situation of resources supply, spatial system planning for urban disasters prevention is planned to include: disaster prevention route, evacuation, fire control, police, medical treatment and collection and distribution of commodities, describing the planning contents in preparation of disaster prevention urban and land utilization or urban planning strategies.

並列關鍵字

Urban disasters prevention ； Handbook of spatial system planning for urban disasters prevention ； Shelter ； Evacuation Range

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