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「大學生批判思考意向量表」之編製

The Development of Critical Thinking Disposition Scale for College Students

摘要


在資訊量滿載的當代社會,訊息消費者除了必須有批判思考技巧以辨別真偽外,亦需要有批判思考意向,具有主動進行批判思考的動機。「加州批判思考意向量表」有七大構面,但以臺灣樣本為對象的「批判思考意向量表」,常常僅包含四個或兩個構面,意味著「批判思考意向量表」在結構上,臺灣樣本可能不同於美國樣本。本研究以「加州批判思考意向量表」的七大構面為架構,參考臺灣現有的相關量表以及美國哲學學會對各構面的界定,重新編製一份50題的「批判思考意向量表」,有253名參與者完整填答所有題目。研究者對每個分量表進行探索性因素分析,發現追根究柢分量表得到1個因素,其他分量表都得到2個因素。研究者保留每個分量表第一個因素所涵括的題目(因素負荷量大於.50)。判斷的成熟度僅有1題符合此標準,所以不納入此分量表。將探索性因素分析所得到的六個構面25道題目,以結構方程模式進行驗證性因素分析,除了GFI值不佳,其餘的適配度指標表現皆不錯。這六個構面的內部一致性信度介於.65~.84之間,彼此之間的相關介於.35~.65之間。以「知識論信念量表」作為效標,此六個構念與「知識論信念量表」各構念具有中等且顯著的相關,兩個潛在變項亦具有顯著相關。以上指標顯見這是一份品質可被接受的量表。

並列摘要


In the modern society with masses of information, individuals must perform critical thinking skills to tell the differences of reality and arguments and distinguish the genuine from the fake. It was suggested that critical thinking dispositions were necessary to actively perform critical thinking skills. The California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI) has been used mostly and included seven constructs. However, the Critical Thinking Inventories developed in Taiwan usually had two or four constructs. Those findings implied the differences of critical thinking disposition structure between Taiwan participants and American ones. We used the seven constructs of CCTDI as the framework and referred to the present inventories in Taiwan and the definition of critical thinking disposition defined by the American Philosophical Association. A new inventory with 50 items was developed. Two hundred fifty-three undergraduates fulfilled the initial inventory completely. Explorative factor analyses (EFA) respectively for the seven subscales showed that the inquisitiveness subscale had one factor and the other six subscales had two factors. The items which belonged to the first factor of every subscale and whose factor loadings were above .50 were kept. The maturity of judgment subscale was excluded because it just had one item under the filtering criteria. A confirmative factor analysis was conducted for validating the adapted inventory with 6 constructs and 25 items resulted from the EFA. All goodness-of-fit indices but GFI were good. The Cronbach's α of these 6 constructs were from .65 to .84 and their correlation coefficients were from .35 to .65. These 6 constructs and the epistemological belief constructs were correlated significantly. The latent variables of critical thinking disposition and epistemological belief were correlated significantly. Further implications and researches were suggested.

參考文獻


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