北美三大音樂教育哲學觀於臺灣國中小音樂教育之適用性

Applicability of North America's Three Major Philosophy of Music Education to Taiwan's Elementary and Junior High School Music Education

紀雅真(Ya-Chen Chi) ； 林小玉(Sheau-Yuh Lin)

《藝術教育研究》 41期 (2021/05) Pp. 109-148

https://doi.org/10.6622/RAE.202105_(41).0004

摘要

音樂教育哲學在20世紀成為音樂教育學門中獨立的研究領域，相關著作檢視音樂教育價值、目的及教學活動中潛在的意義，帶動音樂教育哲學議題探究之風潮。其中，北美地區音樂教育領域對於音樂教育哲學論述最為興盛。本研究包括兩階段，第一階段以哲學探究法與文獻研究法，瞭解北美效益主義、美感論與實踐論音樂教育哲學觀之內涵；第二階段透過三回德懷術問卷，探討臺灣音樂教育學者及音樂教師共12位諮詢委員，對於北美音樂教育哲學觀之看法，以及北美音樂教育哲學觀在臺灣國中小學音樂教學中的適用性。研究結果發現，效益主義獨重音樂附加價值，美感論為音樂的美感特質發聲，實踐論彰顯音樂教育實踐與脈絡價值。德懷術諮詢委員對北美音樂教育哲學觀傾向融合美感論與實踐論主張的「協同合作觀」。這兩種音樂教育哲學觀，亦被認為適用於臺灣音樂教育中。效益主義觀點則較少被視為當前臺灣音樂教育目的及實施之依據。

關鍵字

音樂教育哲學觀 ； 美感論 ； 效益主義 ； 實踐論

並列摘要

Philosophy of music education became an independent research field in the 20th century. Philosophical articles in music education examined goals and values of music education, as well as the meaning underneath music teaching activities. These discourses led the trend of philosophical inquiry. In the North American research field, studies relating to philosophy of music education flourished. This study includes two stages: first, to examine the views of utilitarianism, aesthetics, and praxialism by philosophical inquiry and literature review; second, to understand the opinion to utilitarianism, aesthetics, and praxialism from 12 music professors and teachers in Taiwan, and to determine the applicability of these philosophies to Taiwan's elementary and junior high schools by three-round Delphi questionnaires. Results of this study showed that utilitarian view of music education put emphasis on the ancillary value of music. Aesthetics promoted the importance of aesthetic qualities in music. Praxialism highlighted the value of practicum and context in music education. Regarding the philosophy of music education in Taiwan, participants were more inclined to take a synergistic view that combined opinions from aesthetics and praxialism. The arguments from utilitarianism were less seen as the basics to guide goals and practice in Taiwan's music education.

並列關鍵字

philosophy of music education ； aesthetics ； utilitarianism ； praxialism

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