服務業國際競爭力指標之建構－跨國實證與兩岸競爭力評析

The Construction of Competitiveness of Service Industry-A Cross-nation Empirical Study and Comparison between the Strait

許書銘 ； 羅旭華

《亞太經濟管理評論》 8卷2期 (2005/03) Pp. 27-59

https://doi.org/10.30087/APEMR.200503.0003

摘要

本研究從競爭力的觀點，由産業關聯結構與比較優勢兩個構面，評選並建構出四個指標，並結構GTAP資料庫，對19個主要國家整修服務業，與其重要之服務業次産業競爭優勢進行探討。有於以往文獻中針對國家競爭力之意涵，常以出口的顯示性比較利益為代表，本研究考量服務業的特性後，發展出一新的衡量國家競爭力的指標－內需型顯示性比較利益(Demand Revealed Comparative Advantage Index; D-RCA)。
整體而言，我國服務業競爭力明顯低於其他先進國家，這顯示我國服務業競爭力有著相當大幅度的改善空間。相對於大陸，我國在金融工商服務業上有著顯著的優勢，但在貿易運輸業上已經被大陸追過。由於現階段我國服務業的出口不存在比較利益，因此我國服務業的經營重心應放在防禦國內現有市場上；而由於當前多數服務業産業關聯結構相對偏低，如何利用我國當前優勢産業帶動服務業競爭的提升，以及如何強化服務業對其他産業的向後關聯效果，將是未來我國經濟發展極其重要的議題，並能對我國整體經濟之發展提供助力。

關鍵字

服務業 ； 競爭力 ； 顯示性比較利益 ； GTAP

並列摘要

In analyzing the competitiveness of service industry of major countries, the research adopts the Global Trade Analysis Project database and selects four indices form two contracts: The Inter-Industry structure, and comparative advantage. With regard to the meaning of the competitive advantage of nations, previous studies have based mainly on Exported Revealed Comparative Advantage Index. Considering the characteristics of service industry, the research develops a new index based on demand of a country. Demand-Driven Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (D-RCA).
According to the research result, generally the service sector in our country evidently lags behind other developed countries in terms of the competitiveness. Comparison of Mainland China, our financial industries still have comparative advantage, but the advantage of export Industries have been caught up. As the export of our service industry does not exist comparative advantages at this stage, the emphasis of our service industry should be put on defending the existing domestic market. As a result, we are supposed that the existing service industry also need to be combined with other main manufacturing industries to raise the industry relatedness, and further make more contribution to our overall economic development.

並列關鍵字

Service Industry ； Competitiveness ； Revealed Competitive Advantage ； GTAP

參考文獻

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