Fast and Efficient Data Science Techniques for COVID-19 Group Testing

Varlam Kutateladze ； Ekaterina Seregina

《Journal of Data Science》 19卷3期 (2021/07) Pp. 390-408

https://doi.org/10.6339/21-JDS1011

摘要

Researchers and public officials tend to agree that until a vaccine is readily available, stopping SARS-CoV-2 transmission is the name of the game. Testing is the key to preventing the spread, especially by asymptomatic individuals. With testing capacity restricted, group testing is an appealing alternative for comprehensive screening and has recently received FDA emergency authorization. This technique tests pools of individual samples, thereby often requiring fewer testing resources while potentially providing multiple folds of speedup. We approach group testing from a data science perspective and offer two contributions. First, we provide an extensive empirical comparison of modern group testing techniques based on simulated data. Second, we propose a simple one-round method based on ℓ_1-norm sparse recovery, which outperforms current state-of-the-art approaches at certain disease prevalence rates.

關鍵字

compressed sensing ； coronavirus ； lasso ； pooled testing ； SARS-CoV-2 ； sensing matrix ； sparse recovery