正義真的是社會首要的價值嗎?首先,「正義」可能在同一語言區中即已出現各種不同的解釋,亦即使用同樣語言者都可能對「正義」有不同的內涵認定;其次,在物質層次及精神層次,或者二者混合而產生比例不同的組成所構成的概念認定,也可能造成不同的理解。再者,卻有社群或族群在某些特定的社會脈絡中不以「正義」為首先價值之際,如台灣的河洛民族主義者,以尊嚴及權力為最高價值,又當如何? 再者,當「理性」或「道德形上學」式的康德哲學基礎被加以瓦解之際,或被證明「正義」論述亦只是一種意識型態之言時;「正義」又還可以是社會的首要價值嗎?本文從「後解構」的立場瓦解新自由主義的洛爾斯正義觀,進而走向公民共和主義,提出新的政治哲學觀。
Is justice really the primary value of a society? First of all, the term ”justice” can have different interpretations in language. That is, a language can define different connotations for ”justice.” Second, the concept from levels of material and spiritual (or a combination of both) can derive different interpretations as well. Furthermore, some community in some society does not respect ”justice” as the primary value. For example, Helouism treats dignity and power as the highest value. Moreover, when the philosophical foundation of Kant, ”reason” or ”moral metaphysics,” were deconstructed, or being proved that ”justice” discussion was just a ideological language; can ”justice” still be the primary value of a society? This article deconstructs the Rawls' justice in neo-liberalism. Then a new political philosophy perspective was offered from views of civic republicanism.