物之屍／物之死；物之生／物之思：從《明朝》回溯駱以軍的物學

從20世紀九十年代末開始帶有批判性後人類意識的新唯物論異軍突起，眾多新舊物學都嶄露頭角，試圖在科技的進步和生態的破壞，物質文化的繁榮和生存境況的危機之間尋求「思」與「存」的新出路。在這樣的脈絡下，台灣小說家駱以軍的作品便彰顯出其獨特性和重要性。本文以《明朝》為重點，囊括了《遣悲懷》、《女兒》、《匡超人》等文本。在關注死亡和創生兩大主題的同時，解析駱以軍小說中對「物」的四點思考。物之屍，探討作品中從人的屍體到機器人的屍骸的轉變；物之死，討論人型機器的毀滅和本體意義上的「死亡」；物之生，回應在駱式「物本體神學」中通過白洞而流露的一線生機；物之思，從器物出發闡釋物「與人同思」的能力。而本文重點討論的小說中的物主要有：人和機器人、乾隆粉彩百猴圖瓶和成化鬥彩雞缸杯、白洞與黑洞。

關鍵字

駱以軍；《明朝》；新唯物主義；物體論；物論

並列摘要

The rise of new materialism(s) together with various forms of thing/object-oriented thoughts is an important phenomenon that took place in the 1990s. Informed by critical posthumanism perspectives, these theories explore new paths between thinking and being while trying to comprehend the current human condition that is shaped by technological advancement and ecological breakdown, material abundance and existential crisis. It is within this framework that Taiwanese writer Lo Yi-chun's novels provide new interventions on the related issues. While incorporating Lo's previous work, this essay mainly focuses on Lo's latest book The Ming Dynasty, which explores the themes of necropoetics of abandonment, material surfacescape and post-eschatological survival on a cosmic level. Additionally, I orient my analyses around four aspects and concepts of things: first, the corpse of things highlights the transition between human corporeality to robotic corporeality; second, the death of things attempts to bridge Heidegger's discourse on things with Lo's theo-ontological narrative of thing; third, the birth of things underscores Lo's attention to regeneration and birth; and fourth the thoughts of things explores how things think materially and metaphysically with humans; Specifically, the three pairs of things that I focus in the novel include humans and robots, a Qing dynasty vase and a Ming dynasty porcelain cup, and white holes and black holes.