外化失落．心理位移－西西《哀悼乳房》疾病書寫的自療性意義

本文參酌精神分析理論與心理諮商的「書寫治療」方法，試圖說明以文學寫作來達成療癒功效的可能性，研究對象為西西的《哀悼乳房》。本文討論課題包括三個面向：第一，嘗試回應《字花》所提之書寫自癒的可能性；第二，指出文學性書寫的自療性意義，以及如何達成？；第三，文學自療的社會文化意義？在第一個層面，論證創作主體能自決個人與社會的連繫關係，並重新定義世界。第二個層面是本文的論述重點，提出「外化失落」與「心理位移」兩種敘述手法來解釋西西《哀悼乳房》所具備的自療意涵。在第三個層面，肯定西西從「我」到「我城」的象徵指涉，「哀悼乳房」示範了一種從個體出發的心靈自療與重建工程，並擴及當代城市的文化省思。

關鍵字

西西；哀悼乳房；疾病書寫；文學自療

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to illustrate the possibility that writing literature can have the healing effect by discussing the ＂writing therapy＂ of Psychoanalysis and psychological counseling. The example of the thesis is Xi Xi's ＂Mourn Over the Breasts.＂ There are three aspects discussed in the thesis. First, the author tried to discuss the possibility of self-healing writing. Second, the author indicated the meaning of self-healing of writing literature. Third, the thesis discussed the social cultural meaning of literary self-healing. For the first aspect, the thesis proved that the subject of creation can not only determine the connection between one person and the society but also redefine the world. The second aspect is the key point of the thesis, where the author pointed out two descriptive ways , ＂Externalized loss＂ and ＂Psychological Displacement,＂ to explain the meaning of self-healing writing from Xi Xi's ＂Mourn Over the Breasts.＂ For the third aspect, the thesis pointed out that ＂Mourn for Breasts＂ gives recognition to the reference of Xi Xi's ＂My City＂ by demonstrating a spiritual self-healing and reconstruction of one individual. Besides, it also demonstrated the cultural self-reflection of today's society.