南方與多元文化：二十一世紀初台灣千禧世代作家的南方論述新貌

從台灣古典文學到當代台灣文學，「南方」一再浮現，且內涵幾經流變，讓南方論述成為台灣文學不可忽視的研究議題。南方在台灣清領時期和日治時期文學作品被描述為原始、蠻荒或熱帶風情。戰後以太平戰爭為主題的文學作品則把南方描繪成死亡、病態、精神躁鬱的源頭。一直到1990年代，隨著台灣與東南亞國家的接觸日益頻繁，南方的內涵再度歷經轉折。為此，這一篇文章試圖以幾部21世紀初由台灣千禧世代作家所創作的文學作品為例，嘗試梳理近期作家以南方為創作主題的台灣文學作品。文章打算追問：為何台灣這一世代作家開始書寫南方？南方論述的內涵為何？本文嘗試主張，多元文化主義成為新南方論述的核心精神，藉此標示二十一世紀台灣文學作品新貌。

關鍵字

南方；千禧世代；南進政策；東南亞移工；全球南方

並列摘要

The Southern discourse is a research topic that cannot be ignored in the history of Taiwanese literature. From classical Taiwanese literature to contemporary millennial literature, the south discourse has emerged repeatedly with diverse connotations. In classical Taiwanese literature during the Qing Dynasty and Japanese colonial period, the southern discourse has been comprehended in terms of primitivism, barbarism, or tropical exoticism. In the postwar Taiwanese literary works, it is closely related with the images of death, sickness, and mental disorder. Then, the inception of the 1990s marks the increasing contact between Taiwan and Southeast Asian countries, and the connotation of the South once again underwent a sea change. This article attempts to use the literary works of the early 21^(st) century as examples to sort out recent Taiwanese millennial writers that use the South as a creative theme. This article seeks to answer the following questions: Why have Taiwanese millennial writers started to write about the South? What are the connotations of the new Southern discourse? It argues that multiculturalism has become the core spirit of the new Southern discourse, thereby marking the new appearance of Taiwanese literary works in the 21^(st) century.