澳門現代主義詩中的「詩史」傳統

The Shishi Tradition of Macanese Modernist Poetry

區仲桃(C. T. Au)

《中國現代文學》 41期 (2022/06) Pp. 67-91

摘要

澳門文學的發展若說可以跟西方文學思潮相提並論的大概要數八、九十年代出現的澳門現代主義詩潮。澳門現代主義研究深受近年西方現代主義論述發展的影響，把過去一直備受忽略的傳統和現代主義的關係重新關注起來。其中包括「詩史」傳統在澳門現代主義詩中的轉化。本文的主要目的有二，除了分析澳門現代主義詩人如何通過繼承和轉化「詩史」傳統，為自己建立一個心靈的居所，甚至是一個身份外，還會說明澳門「詩史」的獨特時間觀念。澳門的「詩史」傾向把「過去」、「現在」及「未來」三個時間點同時放進作品裡，由此帶出事物背後所包含的普遍性真理。這種獨特的「詩史」時間觀是由北宋詩人邵雍提出來的。本文會以四位澳門現代主義詩人－陶里、葦明、淘空了及懿靈－的詩作為例說明問題。由於陶里創作「詩史」的數量及對歷史的關注都比其他三位詩人較多，所以本文較側重分析陶里的作品。

關鍵字

澳門現代主義詩 ； 「詩史」傳統 ； 陶里

並列摘要

When comparing the development of Macanese literature with that of its Western counterparts, the Macanese modernist movement that emerged in the late 1980s and early 1990s is a key point of reference. The study of Macanese modernism has benefited from the recent development of modernist studies, which has, for example, highlighted the intimate relationship between modernisms and tradition. The transformation of the shishi (poetry as history) tradition in Macanese modernist poetry is a case in point. The aims of this essay are twofold. First, I will examine the ways in which Macanese modernist poets try to find their homes and identities by transforming the shishi tradition. Second, I will argue that instead of recording historical events meticulously, the Macanese shishi tradition promotes a unique way of perceiving time, which incorporates the three dimensions of time (past, present and future) into shishi in order to manifest the universal meaning behind different things. This time perception in shishi was in fact advocated by Shao Yong, a Northern Song poet. The Macanese modernist poets chosen for this study - namely, Tao Li, Wei Ming, Tao Kong Le, and Yi Ling - are interested in combining history with poetry, but comparatively speaking, Tao Li seems to have been more drawn to the shishi tradition than the others considering the large number of shishi he composed. Also, Tao Li was keen on exploring the meaning of history. Hence, while I will use examples from the work of all four of these Macanese modernist poets and explain how they inherit and transform the shishi tradition, the focus will be on Tao Li's works.

並列關鍵字

Macanese Modernist poetry ； Shishi tradition ； Tao Li

參考文獻

查燦長，《轉型、變項與傳播：澳門早期現代文化研究》，廣東，廣東人民出版社，2006。

徐薩斯（Montalto de Jesus），黃鴻釗、李保平譯，《歷史上的澳門》，澳門，澳門基金會，2000。

陶里，《從作品談澳門作家》，澳門，澳門基金會，1995。

陶里，《過澳門歷史檔案館》，澳門，濠江中學出版，2003。

淘空了，《黃昏的解答》，澳門，澳門五月詩社，1994。