少女投胎－楊双子百合小說的女性主義現象學閱讀

Being Thrown Like a Girl: A Feminist Phenomenological Reading of the Yuri Fiction by Yang Shuang-zi

紀大偉(Ta-wei Chi)

《中國現代文學》 42期 (2022/12) Pp. 155-173

摘要

作家楊双子（1984－）的《花開時節》、《花開少女華麗島》、《綺譚花物語》、《台灣漫遊錄》等等「百合小說」，結合日治時期背景以及女女情慾腳本，在2010年代末期開始陸續獲得各方讚賞。筆者在楊双子多種作品看見活潑多樣的「少女」身體活動，因而聯想起分析女性體育的著名文章：女性主義學者艾利斯揚的論文，〈像女孩那樣丟球〉。艾利斯揚用女性主義觀點修改傳統男性宗師提出的現象學，指認當代西方女孩怎麼斡旋被父權社會阻撓的意向性。本文建議，楊双子作品剛好提供台灣文學跟現象學哲學得以對話的一個出發點。在這個出發點，本文討論兩個問題：藉著對照閱讀楊双子筆下的「少女」的艾利斯揚所稱的「女孩」，讀者可以怎麼同時深化對於兩種女性的理解？另，楊双子小說多次感嘆少女的「投胎」（即，不同少女各自降生到不同種族、不同階級家庭的境遇），是否可以為現象學關鍵詞「拋擲」（thrownness）提供立足於台灣本土的詮釋？

關鍵字

楊双子 ； 現象學 ； 日治時期 ； 女同性戀 ； 百合

並列摘要

Yang Shuang-zi is known for her novels and short stories of the "yuri" genre. Hailing from the Japanese popular culture, the yuri genre features girls' romantic or even sexual infatuation with other girls. Yang's fiction is remarkable, not only because it brings the passion among girls to the foreground, but also because it almost always insists on assigning the girl characters the Japanese colonial period(the first half of the twentieth century)as the historical background. As writers in Taiwan, as well as in other countries, of literature on women's love for other women commonly situate their characters in the historic periods which the writers themselves have experienced, it is noteworthy that Yang, born in 1984, four decades after the end of the Japanese colonial rule in Taiwan, would be so devoted to re-creating the colonial past. While the existing scholarship on Yang already pays attention to Yang's devotion in question, I turn to a reading inspired by the feminist version of phenomenology instead. When I notice the depictions of various bodily activities of the girl characters in Yang's fiction, Iris Marion Young's article, "Throwing Like a Girl," which is known for its discussion of girls in sports occurs to me. In her famous article, Young revises the tradition of the phenomenologist philosophy with the feminist perspectives, and recognizes that the girls in contemporary Western societies try hard to find a way out to extend their intentionality, which is generally compromised by the patriarchal system. Inspired by Young, I propose that Yang's fiction happens to offer one potential starting point for those who study Taiwanese literature and those who work in the phenomenological philosophy to engage each other. This article asks two questions. First, when one juxtaposes the girls depicted by Yang and those girls analyzed by Young, could she complicate her readings of the two groups of girls with the juxtaposition in question? Second, as Yang's fiction clearly laments some girls' fates of being born into, or thrown into, ethnically or financially underprivileged families, can the reader come across some interpretations based on Taiwanese experiences of "thrownness," a keyword in phenomenology?

並列關鍵字

Yang Shuang-zi ； phenomenology ； the Japanese colonial period ； lesbianism ； yuri (genre)

參考文獻

巴特勒，茱蒂斯（Judith Butler）著，蕭永群譯，《非暴力的力量：政治場域中的倫理》（The Force of Nonviolence: The Ethical in the Political），台北，商周，2020。

巴特勒，茱蒂斯（Judith Butler）著，申昀晏譯，《戰爭的框架》（Frames of War: When Is Life Grievable?）（2010），台北，麥田，2022。

何敬堯，楊双子，陳又津，瀟湘神，盛浩偉，《華麗島軼聞：鍵》，台北，九歌，2017。

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