張愛玲與淪陷上海時期的政治敘事

Eileen Chang and the political narrative during the occupied Shanghai

郭剛(Guo Gang)

《中國現代文學》 42期 (2022/12) Pp. 201-222

摘要

當今華語世界，張愛玲研究已然成為一門顯學，但成名於「熱戰」時期上海的張愛玲與彼時上海政治語境間的內在關聯卻鮮有學者關注，這種明顯的「去政治化」傾向並不利於張愛玲研究的深入開展。上海淪陷時期汪偽系統展開的「驅逐英美」、「東亞文藝復興」兩次政治運動相當深刻地影響了上海的文人寫作，張愛玲初期的小說寫作即可視為對「驅逐英美」這一話語的回應，而東亞文藝復興營造的復古語境，對張愛玲小說形式上亦有制約。興建系旗下雜誌社批評家哲非提出的「表現人性說」引導張愛玲在人性的開掘方面向縱深發展；胡蘭成的張愛玲論，因夾雜著對附逆的辯白與粉飾，實則是其「背叛詩學」的另類表述。故而深入到汪偽戰時話語體系中，不難發現張愛玲的這段「傳奇」還是會染上戰時政治的重彩。

關鍵字

張愛玲 ； 驅逐英美 ； 東亞文藝復興

並列摘要

In today's Chinese-speaking world, the study on Eileen Chang has increasingly been becoming more and more prominent. However, scant attention has been given to the inherent connections between Eileen Chang, who made her mark during the 'hot war' and the then political discourse of Shanghai. The marked tendency of 'de-politicization' may not be conducive for scholars to carry out deeper studies on Eileen Chang and her writing. Under the Japanese occupation, the ousting of Anglo-US and the East Asian Renaissance Movement launched by Wang Jing Wei's puppet regime significantly impacted the creativeness of the literati of Shanghai. The early writing of Eileen Chang could be regarded as a reaction to the ousting of Anglo-US. However, the contexts of retro ancient culture created by the East Asian Renaissance also imposed restraints on the style of Eileen Chang's writing. Zhe Fei, the critic of a magazine under the Xingjian Group (Reinvigorating Asia and Rebuilding the Nation) developed the thesis of communicating human nature, which served as a guide for Eileen Chang to explore human nature further. Hu Lancheng's comments on Eileen Chang, ridden with justifications and whitewash of his affiliation with Wang's puppet regime, was essentially the "lyricism of betrayal" in another form. By probing into the discourse system created by Wang's puppet regime during wartime, this author finds that Eileen Chang's experience during this period had a strong political coloration.

並列關鍵字

Eileen Chang ； Ousting of Anglo-U.S. ； East Asian Renaissance Movement

參考文獻

布小繼，《闡釋與建構張愛玲小說解讀》，重慶，四川大學出版社，2013。

徐仲年編，《上海文藝作家協會成立紀念冊》，上海，獨立出版社，1947。

張愛玲，《小團圓》，台北，皇冠出版社，2009。

張愛玲，《流言》，上海，中國科學公司，1944。

張愛玲，《傳奇》，上海，雜誌社，1944。