社區長期照顧體系的建構

Constructing Community-base Long Term Care System

黃源協(Yuan-Shie Hwang)

《國家政策季刊》 4卷4期 (2005/12) Pp. 41-68

https://doi.org/10.6407/NPQ.200512.0041

摘要

提供給老人一個有尊嚴、自主和選擇的生活環境，是老人長期照顧的主要目標，社區化長期照顧被視為是實現該目標的主要模式。本文分別就社區化長期照顧的發展和內涵（從「機構照顧」到「在社區照顧」再到「由社區照顧」）、理念基礎（正常化、公民權利和充權）、社會基礎（網絡建構）、經營管理（品質）和服務輸送管理（照顧管理）進行分析，並就台灣長期照顧體系現況做檢討。為期待能讓老人過著有尊嚴、自主和選擇的「在地老化」，基於前述各面向的分析，本文提出建構社區長期照顧體系的相關建議包括：(l)發展多層級的照顧模式；(2)奠基於公民權利的理念；(3)建立明確的政策為指南；(4)設計一套照顧服務標準和評鑑制度；(5)有效統整社區資源並建構資源網絡；(6)引進照顧管理機制；以及(7)強化照顧人力資源管理體系。

關鍵字

社區長期照顧 ； 網絡建構 ； 品質管理 ； 照顧管理

並列摘要

The main goal of long-term care for the elderly people is to provide a living style with respect, independence and choice. To achieve the goal, community-based long term care has been seen as a main model. The paper aims to provide suggestions for building up a sound community-based long term care system through analyzing various aspects related to community care issues. These issues include development and content (from institutional care to care in the community care to care by the community), ideal basis (normalization, citizenship and empowerment), social basis (networking), service management (quality) and service delivery (care management) of long term care. The current situations of long term care in Taiwan are reviewed as well. Based on theses analyses, the paper provide the following suggestions for references of creating a community-based long term care system: (1) developing a mutli-level care model; (2) basing on ideas of citizenship; (3) making clear policies as guidance; (4) designing a set of care service standard and evaluative system; (5) integrating community resources and building up community resource networking effectively; (6) introducing care management mechanism; and (7)strengthening care human resource management.

並列關鍵字

community-based long term care ； networking ； quality management ； care management