- 期刊
民眾對環境污染風險及危害之調適行為模式研究
The Public's Adaptation Behavior Model on the Risk and Harm of Environmental Pollution
摘要
環境污染日益嚴重，危害人們的健康。本研究主要探討當民眾面對環境污染時，採取調適行為模式為何。因此本研究以台灣地區民眾為研究對象，利用計畫行為論作為理論基礎，並加入其他重要概念，建構民眾對環境污染風險及危害之調適行為模式（目的）。本研究採問卷調查法，依比例分層抽樣，共發放640份問卷，有效問卷回收率為78.9%，整體Cronbach α為0.915，經SEM各項指標檢驗，此模式具有良好的配適度（方法）。民眾環境污染調適行為模式的潛在變項，以「態度」平均值最高（4.42），其次為「意識」（4.11）、「反應效能」（4.08）、「行為意向」（3.69），而最低的是「行動」（1.80）。本研究以結構方程模式進行模式建構與因果關係檢定，驗證結果：本研究環境污染調適行為模式對行為意向的解釋力最佳（42%），其次為態度（30%）與意識（29%），而對行為、行動的解釋力分別為28、9%。民眾環境污染調適行為的主要因果路徑，路徑1：經驗→意識→自我效能→行為意向→行為→行動；路徑2：經驗→意識→態度→行為意向→行為→行動；路徑3：認知→行為→行動；路徑4：經驗→態度→行為意向→行為→行動（結果）。由模式中，若要增進民眾對環境污染之調適行為及行動，建議政府透過宣導強化民眾對環境污染之認知、意識，透過教學或群體力量培養民眾正確的環境態度，或對環境污染提供具體的解決方法，增加民眾信心，以促成民眾的環境污染調適行為與行動（結論）。
並列摘要
Environmental pollution is endangering human health as the problems become more serious. This study explores the model of adaptation behavior that people adopt when facing environmental pollution. This study took the people of Taiwan as the group of study, theoretically based on the theory of planned behavior, and added other essential concepts to construct the Public's Adaptation Behavior Model for environmental pollution risks and harms. It adopted the questionnaire survey and stratified sampling according to the proportion ratio. A total of 640 questionnaires were distributed. The valid recovery rate was 78.9%, and the overall Cronbach α was 0.915. The indicators and model were found to bear a good fit through various tests. In the latent variables of the People's Environmental Pollution Adaptation Behavior Model, the mean value of ＂attitude＂ is the highest (4.42), followed by ＂awareness＂ (4.11), ＂response efficiency＂ (4.08), ＂behavior intention＂ (3.69), and the lowest one is ＂action＂ (1.80). Model construction, causality test, and verifying the results were carried out by the Structural Equation Model (SEM) in the study. And the environmental pollution adaptation behavior model has the best explanatory power for behavior intention (42%), followed by attitude (30%) and awareness (29%), And the explanatory power of behavior and action are 28% and 9%, respectively. The main causal path of people's environmental pollution adaptation behavior includes path 1: experience→awareness→self-efficacy→behavior intention→ behavior→ action; path 2: experience→ awareness→ attitude→ behavior intention→ behavior→ action; path 3: cognition→ behavior→ Action; Path 4: experience→attitude→behavior intention→behavior→action. According to the results of the path model, to improve people's adaptation behaviors and activities to environmental pollution, we recommended that the government strengthen people's awareness of environmental pollution through advocacy, cultivate people's correct environmental attitudes through education or group forces, or provide specific information on environmental pollution. Moreover, providing practical methods to increase people's confidence to promote people's adaptation behaviors and actions is crucially important.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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