清代中期閨秀家族學風探析－以浙江歸安葉氏與江蘇儀徵阮氏為例

A Probe into the Style of Study of the woman Families in the Mid-Qing Dynasty--Take the example of Ye clan in Gui'an, Zhejiang and Ruan clan in Yizheng, Jiangsu

邱子玲(Chiu, Tzu-Ling)

《弘光人文社會學報》 24期 (2021/07) Pp. 77-96

摘要

清代女性文學興盛為歷代以來之翹楚，明清前女性文學尤如鳳毛麟角，著名女性多以漢晉之蔡琰、徐淑、班婕妤、謝道韞等，唐以武曌、魚玄機、薛濤等，兩宋以李清照、朱淑真、管道昇……等幾位著名閨秀撐起女性文學之舞台；明末清初以降，女性文學風氣漸盛，尤以清代為冠，據胡文楷《歷代婦女著作考》與史梅〈清代江蘇婦女文獻的價值和意義〉考察可知，清代婦女著作數逾三千多家，佔總人數近九成，尤以江浙地區為主。為深入探究，本文以清代江浙地區之著名葉氏與阮氏為主要考察對象，探究江浙閨閣學術發達之成因，先以文化經濟要件：印刷風氣蓬勃帶動藏書與刻書之拓展；再則以人文內外緣之因：家族成員支持與士人獎掖女性文學；三則以閨閣文學底蘊深厚之家庭──以浙江歸安葉佩蓀女眷與江蘇儀徵阮元女眷為主要考察對象，考究家庭如何培育女性文學之特質，得以傳承女性文學之家風，讓清代之女性文學得以青史流芳。

關鍵字

清代 ； 江浙 ； 閨閣學術 ； 藏書 ； 家族文學

並列摘要

The prosperity of female literature in the Qing dynasty was distinguished. Before the Ming and Qing dynasties, female literature was extremely rare. In the two Han dynasties and the Jin dynasty, Cai Yan, Xu Shu, Ban Jieyu, and Xie Daoyun etc. were the famous females for it. In the Tang dynasty, Wu Zhao, Yu Xuanji, and Xue Tao etc. were remarkable. In the two Song dynasties, Li Qingzhao, Zhu Shuzhen, Guan Daosheng, and so on were the noteworthy women that upheld the stage of female literature. The atmosphere of female literature thrived gradually after the end Ming or early Qing dynasty and peaked in the Qing dynasty especially. From the supplementary comments by Hu Wenkai's Li dai fu nü zhu zuo kao and Shi Mei's Qingdai Jiangsu funü wenxian de jiazhi he yiyi (The value and significance of women's writings in Jiangsu during the Qing dynasty), it was known that the number of the writings by the female writers in the Qing dynasty were more than three thousand, which had never been so big; especially most of them were by the female writers in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, the two major areas, covering 90% of the total of the female writers then. That demonstrated the splendid atmosphere of the boudoir women academic in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas. For in-depth research in this article, the boudoir women in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas comprised the female family of Ye Peisun from Guian, and those of Ruan Yuan from Yizheng in the Qing dynasty were the study subjects for the exploration of the factors of the splendidness of female family learning atmosphere in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas. First of all, as an economic requirement for regional culture, the enhanced atmosphere of printing facilitated the development of the book collection and printing of the two areas. Second, the human internal and external factors, i.e. the male family members' support and the scholars' promotion of female literature, were the study scope. Third, taking the families with deep boudoir literary background-the female relatives of Gui'an Ye Peisun and the female relatives of Ruan Yuan in Yizheng as the main subjects of investigation. It was explored that how the families with profound literature background cultivated their female family members' traits of being a litterateur in passing on the family tradition for female literature and thus letting the female literature of the Qing dynasty be well-famed in the history.

並列關鍵字

Qing dynasty ； Jiangsu and Zhejiang ； boudoir women academic ； book collection ； family literature