國中生現場觀賞運動競賽和自尊關係之探討

A Study of Junior High School Students on the Relationships between Sport Spectating and Self-esteem

高立學(Li-Shiue Gau) ； 洪庭筠(Ting-Yun Hong)

《臺灣運動心理學報》 16期 (2010/05) Pp. 41-54

https://doi.org/10.6497/BSEPT.20100501_(16).0003

摘要

Purpose: The main purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between class identification and self-esteem, and to figure out the effect of sports spectating on self-esteem. The first hypothesis is that class identification will enhance a level of self-esteem. Second, sports spectating will affect self-esteem. Third, game outcomes will moderate the relationships between team identification and self-esteem. An experimental design is conducted. Participants answer the Rosenberg Self-Esteem (RSE) scale (Rosenberg, 1965) before and after watching sports. The two scores are then compared. Experimental design arranges two groups of junior high school students to watch volleyball games in person. Methods: The experimental group has 134 students from the four classes in the semi final games. The control group has 53 students from two classes whose class teams are not in the semi final games. Results: The results show that the relationships between class identification and self-esteem are positive. The first hypothesis is supported. For the control group, the difference in self-esteem before and after watching games is not significant. For the experimental group, when the outcomes of supported teams are big win or small loss, the difference in self-esteem before and after watching games is significant. However, when the outcome of the supported team is big loss, the self-esteem does not change. The second hypothesis is partly supported and the third hypothesis is supported. Conclusion: Schools may cultivate students' ability in sport spectatorship, hold sport competitions, and increase students' self-esteem through sports spectating.

關鍵字

觀賞運動 ； 班級認同 ； 自尊 ； 比賽結果

並列摘要

Purpose: The main purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between class identification and self-esteem, and to figure out the effect of sports spectating on self-esteem. The first hypothesis is that class identification will enhance a level of self-esteem. Second, sports spectating will affect self-esteem. Third, game outcomes will moderate the relationships between team identification and self-esteem. An experimental design is conducted. Participants answer the Rosenberg Self-Esteem (RSE) scale (Rosenberg, 1965) before and after watching sports. The two scores are then compared. Experimental design arranges two groups of junior high school students to watch volleyball games in person. Methods: The experimental group has 134 students from the four classes in the semi final games. The control group has 53 students from two classes whose class teams are not in the semi final games. Results: The results show that the relationships between class identification and self-esteem are positive. The first hypothesis is supported. For the control group, the difference in self-esteem before and after watching games is not significant. For the experimental group, when the outcomes of supported teams are big win or small loss, the difference in self-esteem before and after watching games is significant. However, when the outcome of the supported team is big loss, the self-esteem does not change. The second hypothesis is partly supported and the third hypothesis is supported. Conclusion: Schools may cultivate students' ability in sport spectatorship, hold sport competitions, and increase students' self-esteem through sports spectating.

並列關鍵字

Sport spectatorship ； Class identification ； Self-esteem ； Game outcome

參考文獻

陳美華(2007)。身體活動、自我概念和自尊關係之文獻回顧。臺灣運動心理學報。11，17-39。

行政院體育委會員（2008）。中華民國97 年運動城市排行榜調查。臺北市：行政院體育委會員。2009 年10 月15 日，取自：http://www.sac.gov.tw/publication/publication2.aspx。

青少年諮商（2005）。2008 年12 月29 日，取自：http://youth.ncue.edu.tw。

Biddle, S. J. H.,Fox, K. R.,Boutcher, S. H.,Faulkner, G. E.(2000).The way forward for physical activity and the promotion of psychological well-being.Physical Activity and Psychological Well-Being.(Physical Activity and Psychological Well-Being).:

Biddle, S. J. H.,Mutrie, N.(2002).The feel-good factor: Physical activity and psychological well-being.Psychology of Physical Activity.(Psychology of Physical Activity).London