不同運動類型對於糖尿病前期患者血糖調控

背景：老化所伴隨而來的生理機能衰退，會誘發胰島素阻抗的形成，使個體產生糖尿病前期的症狀。糖尿病前期患者為罹患二型糖尿病的高風險族群，而透過運動能延緩或改善這些生理機能的退化，降低罹患二型糖尿病的風險。目的：本文對老化胰島素阻抗形成的機轉及有氧運動和阻力運動對糖尿病前期患者血糖調控的影響進行探討。結語：有氧運動及阻力運動藉由不同的機制調控血糖恆定，有氧運動能改善肌肉氧化脂肪的能力、粒線體生物合成作用、血管功能及慢性發炎等，而阻力運動能改善身體組成，皆對血糖調控有正面的影響。因此，糖尿病前期患者可針對個別需求來選擇不同運動類型，進而改善空腹血糖過高或葡萄糖耐受度異常的症狀。

關鍵字

阻力運動；有氧運動；胰島素阻抗；空腹血糖異常；葡萄糖耐受度異常

並列摘要

Background: Aging is associated with a progressive loss of physiological function, thus leading to insulin resistance and also prediabetes. Individuals with prediabetes increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Exercise can prevent type 2 diabetes via attenuating decline in physiological function. Purpose: The aim of this study was to summarize mechanisms of age-related insulin resistance and investigate the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise and resistance exercise on glycemic control in prediabetes. Conclusion: Aerobic and resistance exercises regulate glucose homeostasis through different mechanisms. Aerobic exercise can upregulate lipid oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle, improve vascular function, and reduce chronic inflammation, whereas resistance exercise can improve body composition. Both types of exercise bring positive effects to prediabetes. Prediabetic patients can choose one type of exercise or combine two exercises to prevent the progression from impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance to diabetes.

並列關鍵字

resistance exercise ； aerobic exercise ； insulin resistance ； impaired fasting glucose ； impaired glucose tolerance

參考文獻

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不同運動類型對於糖尿病前期患者血糖調控

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