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U.S. Party Politics and the Peculiar Nature of American Populism

摘要


How did American democracy get to the breaking point symbolized by the "storm on the Capitol" on January 6, 2021? Since its founding, the Republican Party has employed several elements of populism to mobilize a base of mostly white Christian voters. Former president Donald Trump has successfully added elements of an economic populism to appeal to working-class white voters. This contributed to Trump's 2016 success, to the closeness of his 2020 defeat, and to the GOP's down-ballot success in 2020. The GOP's populism has become ever more radical and polarizing, in part due to its shrinking base of voters, resulting in the current tribal state of American party politics and society. In other words, polarization in the United States is no longer based on policy or ideology; it is endemic, cultural, and a threat to the country's democratic institutions. At the same time, a divided Democratic Party has failed to embrace an economic populism that could very well serve to renew its lost appeal to the white working class.

參考文獻


Pew Research Center, “In Views of U.S. Democracy, Widening Partisan Divides Over Freedom to Peacefully Protest” (September 2, 2020), https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2020/09/02/in-views-of-u-s-democracy-widening-partisan-divides-over-freedom-to-peacefully-protest/ (accessed May 12, 2021).
Cas Mudde, ed., The Populist Radical Right: A Reader (London: Routledge, 2017).
Thomas Greven, “The Rise of Right-Wing Populism in Europe and the United States: A Comparative Perspective” (Washington, DC: Friedrich-EbertStiftung, Internationale Politikanalyse, May 2016), http://www.fesdc.org/fileadmin/user_upload/publications/RightwingPopulism.pdf (accessed May 12, 2021).
Thomas Greven, “Right-Wing Populism and Authoritarian Nationalism in the U.S. and Europe” (Washington, DC: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Internationale Politikanalyse, May 3, 2017), http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/id/13395.pdf (accessed May 12, 2021).
Matt Grossman and David A. Hopkins, Asymmetric Politics: Ideological Republicans and Group Interest Democrats (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016)

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