賦權與削權動機氣候與高中運動員自我決定動機之關係：心理堅韌性的中介

Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climates and Self-Determined Motivation in High School Athletes: The Mediating Role of Mental Toughness

林奕均(Yi-Chun Lin) ； 傅姿伶(Tzu-Lin Fu) ； 葉良志(Liang-Chih Yeh)

《嘉大體育健康休閒期刊》 21卷1期 (2022/06) Pp. 26-40

https://doi.org/10.6169/NCYUJPEHR.202206_21(1).03

摘要

目的：探討選手知覺教練賦權和削權動機氣候與高中生運動員自我決定動機之間的關係，並探討心理堅韌性的中介效果。方法：研究對象以19個高中生團隊項目為主，共招募364名運動員（男155人，女209人；平均年齡16.6歲），以網路問卷調查方式收集資料，測量工具為：賦權與削權動機氣候、心理堅韌性、運動動機量表。所得資料以皮爾遜相關、迴歸分析與中介效果統計方法進行處理。結果：選手知覺教練賦權動機氣候與心理堅韌性會正向預測運動員的自我決定動機；教練削權動機氣候則負向預測自我決定動機；心理堅韌性會部分中介賦權動機氣候與自我決定動機之間的關係。結論：教練塑造高自主支持、精熟氣候會有助於提高運動員的心理堅韌性，接著再提升自我決定動機。因此，教練對年輕運動員在競技運動中維持內在動機是很重要的。

關鍵字

教練領導 ； 內在動機 ； 心理技能 ； 青少年運動員

並列摘要

Purpose: This study explored the relationships among coach-created empowering and disempowering motivational climates and self-determined motivation in high school athletes and examined the mediating role of mental toughness within these relationships. Method: The participants were 364 athletes (155 males, 209 females; aged 16.6years) recruited from 19 sport teams of high schools. Data were collected by online questionnaires including empowering and disempowering motivational climates, mental toughness, and sport motivation. Results: The results indicated that empowering motivational climate and mental toughness could positively predict athletes' self-determined motivation, whereas disempowering motivational climate negatively predicted self-determined motivation. Additionally, mental toughness could mediate the effect of empowering motivational climate on self-determined motivation. Conclusion: Supportive, autonomous and mastery climates created by coaches can be beneficial to athletes' self-determined motivation via enhanced mental toughness. Therefore, coaches play a crucial role in maintaining intrinsic motivation of young athletes in sport settings.

並列關鍵字

Coach leadership ； Intrinsic motivation ； Psychological skill ； Young athletes

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