老舊建物火災事故之防減災策略

近年來，各消防機關針對供公眾使用建築物嚴格執行消防安全檢查、檢修申報、防焰、防火管理等制度之推動執行，火災傷亡人數明顯下降，而住宅火災傷亡人數卻一直未見降低，尤其是老舊住宅社區。由於火災具有火勢及濃煙迅速蔓延的特性，若錯失一開始的逃生或搶救時機，往往造成生命財產損失；更甚者，若發生於舊市區或老舊建物，因巷道狹窄、逃生通道不足、使用易燃建材等問題，傷亡損失更難以想像；而根據統計分析資料，火災成因以電器設備、人為縱火居多，更是老舊建物常見的致災因子，因此，老舊建物及社區生活安全課題至為重要。本文蒐集近期國內外老舊建物或社區的火災案例，藉由老舊建物／社區火災事件分析，探討老舊建物現有問題，並檢討目前政府推動老舊建物防火成效，據以提出防減災策略，以降低老舊建物／社區火災事故的風險。

關鍵字

老舊建物；火災；防減災策略

並列摘要

Recently, the fire safety inspections and regulations for public buildings have been implemented strictly and the numbers of fire accident and casualty have been evidently reduced.. For old residence fires, however, the number of people injured or killed has not been significantly reduced.. Fire patterns are related to flame impingement, hot gases, and smoke. It may cause serious damage of people's life and property, if the precious time and effort are delay.. Furthermore, the circumstances such as narrow roadway, insufficient escape space, and the flammable materials may create more sever damages. , Statistic shows that the main reasons of old residence fire are outmoded electrical equipment and arson. How to prevent the old residence fire and reduce causality are very important. This paper studies several cases and the problems of old residence fires and reviews existing policies and formulates for fire safety. Finally, this study yields some suggestions for the fire prevention and reduction of old residences.

並列關鍵字

Old residence ； Fire ； Strategies of fire prevention and reduction

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