受虐少年接受寄養安置適應之分析研究

A Study on the Process of Adjustment of the Abused Adolescents to Receive Foster Care

黃錦敦(Chin-Tun Huang) ； 卓紋君(Wen-Chun Cho)

《輔導與諮商學報》 28卷1期 (2006/08) Pp. 51-72

https://doi.org/10.7040/JGC.200608.0051

摘要

本研究旨在探討受虐少年於寄養前、中、後階段的適應狀況。研究者透過與五位因受虐而寄養之少年訪談收集資料，並以敘說研究的「類別－內容」方式來分析與歸納資料，主要結果有三：（一）受虐少年在寄養安置過程面臨的困境包括了與原生家人、同儕的分離、環境的轉換、寄養家庭中的適應、心理需求無法滿足、新學校的適應、返家議題、資源不足或抽離、過去負向經驗重現、缺乏歸屬感、以及獨立自主需求無法滿足等。（二）有利於適應的因子包括了對寄養家庭有所瞭解、安置符合主觀需求、感受到正向經驗、同儕支持、物質資源提供、正向評價、明確的教導、親友的協助、寄養家庭後續支持、對未來抱持希望與使命等。（三）其在認知上所採取的因應策略包括：正向詮釋、比較策略、自責與內省、遺忘、理性思考、專注於單一壓力、自我鼓勵、接受事實、寬恕等；在行爲上的策略爲：順應、安撫家人、提出轉換環境要求、尋求資源、忍耐與壓抑、隔離、轉移注意力、嘗試錯誤、運用人際技巧、自傷、發洩、投入職場、獨自面對困境、及追求成就，超越自卑等。依據上述結果，研究者分別就實務與研究兩方面提出相關的建議。

關鍵字

受虐少年 ； 寄養安置 ； 適應

並列摘要

This present study aims to explore how the abused adolescents adapt in the foster families in pre-, mid-, and post-stages. Five subjects were interviewed and their transcripts were analysed. As a result of ”categorical-content” of the narrative analysis, our findings were shown as follows:
First, the difficulties they face during the process of fostering included separation from original family and peers, environmental shift, adaptation in the foster family and new school, the inability to fulfill their psychical need, issues of returning back to their original family, lack of resource or estrangement, re-encountering their past negative experience, lack of belongingness, unfulfilled independent need.
Second, the factors that help their adaptation to fostering were: understanding the foster family, the foster care meeting their needs, feeling a positive experience, support from their peers, material resources being offered, clear instruction, assistance from their relatives, further support from foster family, a hope and mission for future and so on.
Third, These abused adolescents used cognitive and behavioral strategies to adapt their living in foster families where as: 1. cognitive strategies included positive interpretation, comparative strategy, self-reproach and introspection, forgetting, rational thinking, focus on single pressure, self-encouragement and self-consolation, the behavioral strategies included the accommodation, a pursuit of assistance resources, endurance and repression, being isolating, attention-shifting, a social skills, requesting to move to change a new environment, self-injury, and so on.
Further discussion and suggestions were addressed for the consultants and the foster institutes.

並列關鍵字

abused adolescents ； foster care ； adaptation ； foster family

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