旅館業工時縮短因應策略之研究─以高雄五星級國際觀光旅館為例

我國現行的工時制度法令依據是勞動基準法，勞基法自民國七十三年八月一日生效實施後，民國一零五年一月一日將施行法定工時每週縮短為40工時，正式邁入週休二日，但修法過程太過於急促草率，緩衝時間亦不足，且無相關配套法規，這是令人遺憾的，我們期待我國的工時制度能與先進國家一樣的進步，但追求的過程中，應以智慧、理性的溝通來尋求最高的共識，而非政治因素凌駕於上，期修法真正達到對產業有利的發展方向。以旅館產業為例，它是一個人力密集、淡旺季明顯，須全年無休提供旅客服務的行業，不論就產業特性或是人力結構而言，皆比一般產業複雜，對於工時彈性化的需求更為殷切，雖然業者在法的範圍內已採行了一些因應措施，不過仍高度期待政府在政策法制上能夠再給予更大的彈性空間，以利企業之有效運作。本研究主要目的在於瞭解高雄五星級國際觀光旅館業對於法定工時縮短將影響人力資源政策的改變，透過對人力資源單位之訪談了解其未來可能採取的對策，藉以提供給旅館業在管理實務上的參考。

關鍵字

工時縮短；工時彈性

並列摘要

At present, the regulation upon the working hours in Taiwan is based on Labor Standards Act, which was put into practice from the 1st of August 1984. Since the 1st of January 2016, there will be a legal shortening of working hours to 40 hours per week, which will be the official commencement for five-day work week. However, the amendment was careless and hasty without enough time for complete buffering nor any corresponding legal regulation, which is regrettably unfortunate. It is hoped that the legislation for working hours in Taiwan can be as civilized as first world countries, and reach the ultimate consensus over the entire process of pursuit with sensible and knowledgeable communication, rather than being transcended by political elements, in order to establish genuine benefits for the developing direction of various industries. As of tourism industry, it is an industry with obvious population density and seasonal changes, an industry with customer service 24 hours a day, 7 days a week all year round. This is an industry with much more complex industry feature and labor structure in comparison with any other industries, which also demands more flexible working hours. Although many corporations has conformed some corresponding policies within the legal boundary, the industry is still in the hope of being granted with more rooms for flexibility from the government for assisting corporations to efficiently operate and function. This study mainly focuses on the understanding of what the countermeasures are incorrespondence to the legal shortening working hours in hospitality industry in Kaohsiung area. Will it affect the change in human resources? The possible future counteractions will be comprehended through interviewing the Human Resource Department, through which managing practical approaches can be provided to tourism industries as references.