原住民對族群社會福利的經驗認知與發展期待

The Cognizance and Expectations of Ethnic Welfare Policy toward Indigenous People

詹宜璋(Yi-Chang Chan)

《台灣原住民族研究季刊》 4卷4期 (2011/12) Pp. 85-107

https://doi.org/10.29910/TJIS.201112.0004

摘要

「劣勢情境」是大多數研究對原住民族現況之共同結論，強調相關資源與權力更公平之分配固然重要，有關原住民族之福利狀態與政策措施之討論，更須重視並尊重不同族群間福利想像之差異。為了進一步探討原住民對於社會福利的主觀看法與差異認知，本文之研究問題扣緊「原住民族社會福利」議題進行探討，首先透過原住民受訪者之主觀感受與經驗認知來描繪原住民族社會福利政策與方案就福利對象而言所形成之制度印象與使用評價，並進而整理受訪者表達之相關期待與建議，希望有助於原鄉社會福利發展修正之多元參照。研究發現福利需求與現存生活困境經常歸納溯源於「經濟問題」；而最常被提及的福利議題是「福利相關資訊宣導不足」，其次是對於「多元文化」之強調；有關「行政系統的不友善」之批判則是社會福利執行面所表達之焦點。大部分受訪者對社會福利發展之期待與建議較少發言，主要之意見集中於少數具備行政或實務工作經驗之受訪者，其政策理念大致可以區分為「權能提升、拉近差距」與「族群主體、部落自治」兩大類，而策略建議則主要集中於「整合協調」、「資源分配」、「人力培植」與「賦權、參與」等面向。綜而論之，「拉近差距」和「能力建構」固然是政策目標之所期，但更重要的是奠基於尊重族群主體性之思維來實踐。

關鍵字

族群福利政策 ； 能力建構 ； 拉近差距 ； 主體性 ； 增權

並列摘要

In most aboriginal studies, one common conclusion is the inferior situation of the indigenous people. Concerning aboriginal welfare policy, equal distribution of resources and power is important, but the differences among ethnic welfare reception for most.For the sake of understanding subjective opinions and the conception of the indigenous differences on welfare policy, this study highlights aboriginal welfare policy. First of all, we describe the characteristics and effects on aboriginal welfare policy through the subjective conceptions and experience of the interviewees. Further, we sort out the exception and suggestions of the interviewees, in order to amend aboriginal welfare policies. .We find that finance is the origin of welfare demands and the existing problems. The most mentioned issue is insufficient welfare information, while multi-cultures is the next. An unfriendly administration system is also heavily criticized. Those who have experience of administration and practice, mainly express their expectations and make suggestions on social welfare. ”Empowerment and closing-gap” and ”autonomy and self-government” are the two main policy ideas. The suggestions center on ordination, distribution, education, empowerment and participation. In general, closing the gap and capacity-building are the expectations of policy, and they must be based on respect for the autonomy of the indigenous people

並列關鍵字

ethnic welfare policy ； capacity-building ； closing thegap ； autonomy ； empowerment

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