普通法國家出於對境內原住民族於殖民時期遭土地權利剝奪運命之同情,自19世紀初葉即經由法官造法之途徑,先後承認原住民族對其領域內土地依傳統規範所享有之權利。在長期發展下,其累積之理論及實務至為豐碩,並深深影響政治、社會之發展。2005年2月5日,我國繼受上開理論與實務、於原住民族基本法第20條第1項明定政府承認原住民族土地及自然資源權利。本文擬自比較法之立場-普通法國家之理論及實務出發,據以探討原住民族基本法第20條第1項規定之規範目的及內涵,並嘗試在我國現行土地法制上建立相應切合之原住民族土地權利體系。
Since the early 19th century, the common law countries have recognized the land rights of the indigenous peoples to their land in accordance with their traditional norms, because of the sympathy for the deprivation of land rights by the indigenous peoples in the colonial period. After long-term development, the common law countries have accumulated a lot of theory and practice, and have far-reaching influence on their political and social development. On February 5, 2005, based on the above theory and practice, Taiwan's Article 20, section 1 of the Indigenous Peoples Basic Law stipulates that the government recognizes indigenous peoples'rights to land and natural resources. This article intends to proceed from the theory and practice of common law countries to explore the normative purpose and content of Article 20, section 1 of the Indigenous Peoples Basic Law, and try to to establish the system of land rights of indigenous peoples in Taiwan's current land legal system.
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