唾液鑑別方法之評估

Evaluation of the Saliva Identification Methods

謝幸媚(Hsing-Mei Hsieh) ； 蘇正憲(Cheng-Hsien Su) ； 蔡麗琴(Li-Chin Tsai)

《台灣法醫學誌》 13卷1期 (2021/06) Pp. 25-33

https://doi.org/10.6134/tjfm.202106_13(1).0009

摘要

刑事案件中常涉及許多疑似體液斑跡之檢體，其中不乏唾液檢體，若能快速檢測這些可疑斑跡是否為唾液，除了可進行有效的採樣及後續DNA分析，也可提供警方案件偵察之方向。本研究以5種唾液呈色試驗（starch-iodine、Phadebas®、Red-Starch、Randox CNPG3 Amylase及Fortress CNPG3 Amylase）及2種免疫層析試驗（SERATEC® Amylase Test及RSID-Saliva Test），評估這7種檢測方法於液態唾液及唾液斑之檢測靈敏度。呈色試驗之結果顯示，不論液態唾液或唾液斑均以2種CNPG3之檢測靈敏度最佳，只須不到0.4 μL唾液即可以肉眼研判為陽性反應。免疫分析試驗之結果顯示，只要含有0.125 μL液態唾液或0.5 μL唾液斑即可以RSID-Saliva Test檢出陽性反應，其靈敏度優於SERATEC® Amylase Test。基於實務操作之需求及成本考量，刑事實驗室及現場處理人員，根據本研究之結果，可以選擇適合的方法進行唾液斑之初步篩檢，以提升體液鑑別之效能。

關鍵字

體液鑑定 ； 唾液鑑定 ； 唾液初步試驗 ； 唾液免疫層析試驗 ； 唾液澱粉酶鑑定

並列摘要

Many suspected stains of body fluids are frequently encountered in the criminal cases, such as the saliva specimens. If the suspected stains can be identified rapidly as the saliva or not, it is not only efficient for evidence collection for the following DNA analysis, but also providing the direction for criminal investigation. In this study, the sensitivity of five color tests (starch-iodine, Phadebas®, Red-Starch, Randox CNPG3 Amylase, and Fortress CNPG3 Amylase) and two immunochromatographic tests (SERATEC® Amylase Test and RSID-Saliva Test) for liquid and stains of saliva were evaluated. Results from the color tests indicated that two CNPG3 tests were with the best sensitivity for both liquid and stains of saliva, it only needed less than 0.4 μL of saliva to get the positive result determined by naked eyes. Results from the immunochromatographic tests indicated that it only needed 0.125 μL of liquid saliva or stain containing 0.5 μL of saliva to determined the positive result by RSID-Saliva Test with better sensitivity than the SERATEC® Amylase Test. Under consideration of the operating demand of practice and cost, personnel of the forensic laboratory and the crime scene process can select the appropriate preliminary test for saliva to enhance the efficacy of body fluid discrimination following the results of this study.

並列關鍵字

Body Fluid Identification ； Saliva Identification ； Saliva Presumptive Test ； Saliva Immunochromatographic Test ； Amylase Identification

參考文獻

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