台灣大學生的語言意識

本文利用問卷調查法調查全國台灣大學生族群母語ê語言意識kap語言能力，koh比較台文系所kap其他科系ê異同。調查結果顯示：(1)大學生對台語ê感覺大多數是普通，科系kap性別bē影響對台語ê觀感，但是北部ê學生對台語ê觀感比東部ê較好。(2)中文系kap理工系學生認為台語能力只要會當溝通就好ê占7成，台文系認為愛會曉讀寫台語ê有超過4成。另一方面，非台文系認為台文系應該愛會曉讀寫台語占多數，但是台文系本身只有大約半數是按呢認為。(3)kap過去研究比較，母語語言能力更加倒退。(4)母語kan-na chhun表徵性功能標示族群意識，但是運用能力多數攏去予華語取代。傳承上，閩南族群koh有4成ê人會當先學會曉母語，客家只有4.5% ê人會當先學會曉母語，原住民族會當先學會曉母語ê是0%。這個結果印證聯合國教科文組織teh判斷「語言活力kap瀕絕度」ê標準。只有社群成員才會當決定欲復興、維持kap強化自己ê語言，kan-na制度上ê支持，恐怕效果有限。

關鍵字

語言意識；語言能力；語言活力；表徵性功能

並列摘要

Using the survey method of research, this paper investigated Taiwanese students' language consciousness of their mother tongues and their language ability. A comparison is then made between students from the Taiwanese Literature Department and other departments.Results of the survey showed that: (1) For most students, their attitude toward Taiwanese is one of general acceptance. One's area of study or gender does not affect one's attitude toward the language Taiwanese. However, students from northern Taiwan tend to have a more positive view of Taiwanese than students from eastern Taiwan. (2) For students majoring in Chinese literature or the sciences, 70% feel that it is enough to know sufficient Taiwanese for communication, but over 40% of the students in the Taiwanese literature major feel that it is necessary to be able to read and write in Taiwanese. On the other hand, most students from other majors (non-Taiwanese majors) feel that students majoring in Taiwanese literature should be able to read and write in Taiwanese, as opposed to less than half of the students in the Taiwanese literature department thinking this way. (3) compared to past studies, the survey showed a gradual worsening in students' ability to use their mother tongues. (4) Today, mother tongues are left with their ethnic consciousness-symbolic function only, and the practical usage of the language has been overtaken by Chinese. In terms of passing the mother tongue to the next generation, 40% of the Taiwanese-speaking ethnic group learn their mother tongue first; 4.5% of the Hakka-speaking ethnic group learn their mother tongue first, and 0% of the aboriginal peoples learn their mother tongue first.The results proves the statement and criteria on 'language vitality and endangerment' by UNESCO. The statement claims that only when members of a social group undertakes the task to revive, maintain and strengthen a mother tongue will that language survive and endure. Otherwise, support for language policies from legislation will not be effective enough.

並列關鍵字

language consciousness ； language ability ； language vitality ； symbolic function

參考文獻

Yeh, His-nan,Chan Hui-chen,Cheng, Yuh-show(2004).Language use in Taiwan: language proficiency and domain analysis.Journal of Taiwan Normal University: Humanities & Social Sciences.49(1),75-108.

Chan, Mui-chen(1994).Language Shift in Taiwan: Social and Political Determinants.Georgetown University.