使用雷達回波降雨資料建立邊坡滑動預警值之研究

Development of Slope Warning System for Landslides using Radar Echo Rainfall Data

陳允哲(Yun-Che Chen) ； 李德河(Der-Her Li)

《中華防災學刊》 11卷2期 (2019/09) Pp. 163-172

摘要

近年隨著極端氣候劇烈影響下災害事件逐年增加，豪雨及強颱所帶來的極端雨量更造成山區邊坡崩壞發生頻率劇增。隨著城市不停地發展，不僅改變了當地的環境原貌，快速的開發也破壞了邊坡原本的平衡，以致每當颱風或大量降雨來臨，地下水位上升進而降低邊坡穩定性，故徹底探討降雨引致邊坡崩壞的機制是有其必要的。本研究在探討不同地質條件的邊坡—阿里山公路邊坡（崩積層）、南橫公路邊坡（砂頁岩互層）、藤枝林道邊坡（板頁岩互層）及台174縣道邊坡（泥砂岩互層）之地下水位變動與邊坡穩定性的關係，並制訂各邊坡之臨界地下水位。另外研究降雨與雲層之水氣含量之關係（使用中央氣象局雷達回波標定），建立降雨量與雷達回波之迴歸式，再結合臨界地下水位與雷達回波迴歸式，建構各試驗邊坡以雷達回波為基礎的邊坡崩壞警戒指標。

關鍵字

邊坡破壞 ； 雷達回波 ； 預警系統

並列摘要

In recent years, with the severe impact of extreme weather, disaster events have increased year by year. The extreme rainfall has caused the frequency of mountain slope collapse to increase dramatically, even exceeding the severity of the slope disaster caused by strong earthquakes. As the city continues to develop, it not only changes the local environment but also destroys the original balance of the slope. As a result of typhoons or heavy rainfall, the groundwater level rises, reducing the stability of the slope, which in turn leads to the destruction of the slope. Therefore, it is necessary to thoroughly explore the mechanism of rainfall causing collapse of the slope. In this study, selected The Alishan Highway 86K+950, South Cross-Island Highway 52K+150, Teng-Jhih Forest-road 1K+800, and Taiwan 174 County Road 50K+500 as target slopes which have different geological conditions, exploring the relationship between the change of groundwater level on slopes and the stability of slopes. In addition, formulate critical groundwater level for each slope. Also, study the relationship between rainfall and the moisture content in the clouds (using the Central Weather Bureau radar echo), Establish regression between rainfall and radar echo. Combined with the relationship between critical groundwater level and radar echo regression that develop slope warning system for landslides using radar echo and rainfall data.

並列關鍵字

slope failure ； radar echo ； warning system