Reinstating Nature in Cities. Nature-based Design Solutions to Restore Urban Ecosystems

恢復城市自然。恢復城市生態系統之基於自然的設計解決方案

Oscar Carracedo ； Garcia-Villalba

《Architecture Science》 21期 (2020/06) Pp. 15-29

https://doi.org/10.3966/221915772020060021002

摘要

We live in an urban world, a world of unpredictable changes and uncertain futures. In the last decades, we have witnessed in greater frequency extreme weather and climate disaster events affecting cites due to the effects of global warming and climate change. This talk will discuss the consequences of climate change and fast urbanisation, elaborating on how to Design with the Unpredictable and Plan with Uncertainty. This article suggests an inspirational approach to address these challenges through urban planning, urban design, and architecture solutions that, rather than just remediating or responding, aims to anticipate and prevent the effects of climate change. Beyond sustaining (sustinere), and even resilience, 'reinstate' (recuperare) is the innovative approach that this article proposes as an alternative to design our cities with adaptation and mitigation solutions that can restore and return the original natural and environmental qualities to the urbanized milieu. Using the case of Chennai as a test-bed case, this article sheds light on the concept of ＂Reinstating＂ as an innovative approach, method and framework on how resilient urban environments can be designed to cope with the consequences of climate change.

關鍵字

Urban Resilience ； Climate Change ； Nature-based solutions ； Reinstating Urban Ecosystems ； Urban Design and Architecture

並列摘要

我們所生活的城市世界中，充滿了不可預測的變化和不確定的未來。過去數十年，由於全球暖化和氣候變遷的影響，我們更頻繁地目睹了影響城市的極端天氣和氣候災害事件。本座談將討論氣候變遷和快速城市化所帶來的後果，並詳細闡述了應如何進行不可預測的設計和不確定的計劃。本文提出了一種振奮人心的方法-透過城市規劃、城市設計和建築解決方案來應對這些挑戰-其目的旨在預測和預防氣候變遷的影響，而非僅藉由補救或被動性的因應措施。除了承受（承擔）甚至韌性之外，“復原”（recuperare）係為本文所提出的一種創新方法，它是一種透過採用適應性和緩解性之解決方案來設計我們城市的替代方法，可將原始的自然和環境品質予以恢復並回歸至城市化環境中。本文以欽奈（Chennai）為例，對作為一種創新門徑、方法和框架的“復原”性概念，如何將韌性城市環境進行設計以應對氣候變遷所帶來的後果予以闡明。

並列關鍵字

城市韌性 ； 氣候變遷 ； 基於自然的解決方案 ； 恢復城市生態系統 ； 城市設計與建築