新冠肺炎後的世代：網路非結構團體帶領技術意圖之初探

Post-Pandemic Era-Preliminary Exploration of Online Unstructured Counseling Group Leading Techniques and Leaders' Intentions

洪紫瑋(Zih-Wei Hong) ； 刑志彬(Chih-Pin Hsing) ； 蔡宜樺(Yi-Hua Tsai)

《諮商心理與復健諮商學報》 36期 (2021/07) Pp. 67-86

https://doi.org/10.6308/JCPRC.202107_(36).0004

摘要

非結構團體歷程內的真實人際互動與回饋學習，在實體人跟人的場域關係提供療效，促進團體成員互動、回饋，增加成員的自我覺察。然而，新冠肺炎之故，新興起網路團體工作的專業形式。本研究分析一個網路非結構團體，團體中有8個成員與2個領導者，研究者試圖分析團體領導者在帶領歷程的意圖與技術，並與國內的文獻進行比較。研究結果發現：基本溝通技巧中以摘要、邀請使用的頻率最高；深化與探索技術則為探詢、回饋較高；催化團體過程技術有連結、聚焦、沉默較常使用；行動化介入技術則以結構化、運用團體資源頻率較高；團體領導意圖方面更多的在形成推進個人目標。而在實體團體與網路團體的比較上，則是發現溝通技術在團體歷程的趨勢有較高的相似性，其餘的深化與探索、催化團體過程、行動化介入等技術則相似性較低。在網絡團體中，深化與探索技術在進入工作期之後開始維持高比例；催化團體過程技術則出現雙高峰曲線；行動介入技術是僅在進入工作期時較高，而其他的團體歷程會維持在較低的使用次數。本研究最後亦根據討論，提出後續研究與實務上的建議。

關鍵字

網路團體諮商 ； 非結構團體 ； 療效因子

並列摘要

Unstructured counseling groups bring up therapeutic effects through authentic interpersonal interactions and the learning from interpersonal feedbacks face to face. The group facilitates the interpersonal interactions and feedbacks during the process, increasing participants' self-awareness. Then impacted by the COVID-19, the online counseling group has become a new-rising professional working model. This study analyzes an unstructured counseling group with eight members and two leaders. The study aims at the group leaders' intervention intentions and techniques during the group leading process, and compares the findings to local journals and researches. The results show that: a.) in Basic Communication techniques, the summarizing and inviting techniques are most frequently used, b.) in Exploring and Influencing techniques, the probing and feedback techniques used more frequently, c.) in Facilitating Group techniques, the linking, focusing, and silent techniques are used frequently, d.) in Action and Intervention techniques, the structuralize and the utilize group resource techniques are most frequently used, and e.) within Group Leaders' Intentions, the setting and promoting personal goal is the most obvious one. The comparison of techniques usage between in-face counseling groups and online counseling groups indicates the similarity of trends of Basic Communication techniques in the group process. And the other techniques as Exploring and Influencing, Facilitating Group, and Action and Intervention are shown less similarity in the comparison. In online counseling groups, the Exploring and Influencing techniques start to maintain in high applying rate after the group entered the working phase. The graph of Facilitating Group techniques appears dual-peak shape, and the Action and Intervention techniques show a higher applying rate only after the group entered the working phase but remain low in the rest of the group process. Based on the findings, some suggestions for practice and future research were proposed.

並列關鍵字

online group counseling ； therapeutic factor ； unstructured counseling group

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