以長照2.0為基礎回顧臺灣長照政策發展與評析未來挑戰

Reviewing the History of Taiwan's Long Term Care Policy and Analyzing its Future Challenges - Based On Long-term Care Plan 2.0

黃龍冠(Huang, L.-K.) ； 楊培珊(Yang, P.-S.)

《福祉科技與服務管理學刊》 9卷2期 (2021/06) Pp. 212-236

https://doi.org/10.6283/JOCSG.202106_9(2).212

摘要

高齡社會導致長期照顧等相關問題日益嚴重，少子化更影響了家庭互助功能減弱，引起政府及民間的關注。本文以長照2.0為基礎，回顧臺灣長照政策歷史發展演進，將臺灣長期照顧制度的發展分為四期說明，耙梳臺灣長期照顧獨特的歷史文化、社會與政治脈絡。結果發現，雖然目前長照2.0計畫正如火如荼地進行，在服務的多元化、以人為本的全人照顧及連續性照顧體系整合等方面有大幅的進展，但仍有長照財務機制、需求評估、由中央或地方執行、僅提供實物服務或混合實物／服務給付與現金給付、使用者的選擇權及長照服務體系與醫療體系及社會服務體系的服務整合等議題延伸的挑戰尚待解決。最後，本研究提出了長照政策目標及工作策略之建議。

關鍵字

高齡社會 ； 長期照顧 ； 長照2.0 ； 全人照顧 ； 連續性照顧

並列摘要

An aging society leads to increasingly serious issues such as long-term care. The low fertility rate has resulted in family units with little to no mutual assistance, thus arousing attention and concern from both the government and society. This study is a policy analysis based on data collected from Taiwan's long-term care history. The development of Taiwan's long-term care system is divided into four phases and considers Taiwan's unique historical-cultural, social, and political context of long-term care. This study found that Taiwan's Long-term Care Plan 2.0 has attained good progress in developing diverse, holistic, and continuity in care systems and services. However, the findings also indicate that there are still existing challenges with regards to financial mechanisms, assessment needs, central or local government implementation, provision of in-kind service, in-cash service or the mixture of both, user choice issues, and most urgently-how to integrate long-term care service systems with medical and social service systems. This study also lists the suggestions for the goals and strategies that can be adopted in future long-term care policies.

並列關鍵字

aging society ； long-term care ； long-term care plan 2.0 ； holistic care ； continuity of care