中高齡居家照顧服務員工作壓力與生活幸福感之相關研究－以台中市為例

台灣行政院於2016年通過長照2.0計畫，除了延續1.0的計畫目標擴增服務對象及項目，同時更積極地推動在地老化，因此，讓居家照顧服務員（以下簡稱居服員）在長照政策中需求更大且扮演更重要的角色。但因居服員的工作辛苦，且工作流動率偏高，為進一步了解居服員的工作壓力及生活幸福感，本研究探討中高齡居服員的工作壓力與生活幸福感的差異及相關性。針對台中市居家服務機構的中高齡居服員，採取便利取樣的方式，發出365份問卷，回收有效問卷341份，回收率90%。研究結果顯示：（1）人口特微：45-49歲已婚女性居多、高中職畢業占比最高、工作資歷以5年以上至10年居多、已取得照顧服務員單一級技術證及CPR證書者最多；（2）工作壓力：以「居服員的工作是很耗體力的」、「害怕因做錯事造成個案的傷害」、「遇到無法溝通的家屬會有壓力」三個因素為中高齡居服員感到壓力的主因；（3）生活幸福感：以「生命非常有意義及目標」、「對生活中的事件產生好的影響」、「工作上有成就感」的認同度最高。在皮爾森積差相關分析中，整體工作壓力與生活幸福感具顯著的低度負相關，研究結果可提供居服相關機構與學界參考，建議居服相關機構重視中高齡居服員的工作壓力，並定期給予專業培訓及溝通技巧之訓練，以提升其生活幸福感。

關鍵字

居家照顧服務員；工作壓力；生活幸福感；中高齡

並列摘要

While continuing 1.0 plan to expand service targets and projects, the Long-Term Care 2.0 plan of Taiwan Executive Yuan 2016 actively promotes locally aged. A long-term care policy is a dire need as it plays an important role. However, because of sheer hard work, there's high turnover among the providers. To understand the occupational stress and the well-being of its providers, this study explores the difference and correlation between occupational stress and the well-being of life of middle-aged servants. For middle-aged and senior residents of Taichung Home Service Organizations, a convenient sampling method was adopted by issuing 365 questionnaires, of which 341 valid ones were returned, with a recovery rate of 90%. The research analysis shows that (1) Population profile: the majority are married women in the age group of 45-49, with the highest proportion being high-school graduates with work experience of more than 5-10 years. The number of providers with single-level technical certificate and CPR certificate is the highest; (2) Among specific job stressors, physical strength required to perform duties received the highest attention, as a lack of it might cause injuries to those in their care, and dealing with family members or relatives difficult to communicate with; (3) From the perspective of positivity of the job, economic well-being, a meaningful life with a goal, positive impacts on daily life events, and a sense of achievement that comes from a job well done. This study suggests that home-care coherent units should focus on the work load of the middle-aged and senior home-care providers and provide regular professional training and improve their communication skills to enhance happiness in performing their duties.

並列關鍵字

home-care providers ； middle-aged and older adults ； occupational stress

國際替代計量

中高齡居家照顧服務員工作壓力與生活幸福感之相關研究－以台中市為例

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